Pneumothorax aspiration is usually performed by first placing the patient in a sitting or semi-recumbent position, and the puncture site is usually selected at the second intercostal space in the midclavicular line. After the puncture site is selected, the skin is first disinfected with iodophor, sterile gloves are worn, and a sterile cavity wipe is covered. Local infiltration anesthesia is performed with anesthetic (usually 2% lidocaine hydrochloride) at the upper edge of the next rib as the puncture point, from the skin to the pleural wall layer. After successful anesthesia, the puncturer fixes the skin at the puncture site with the index and middle fingers of the left hand, and the puncture needle is inserted into the thoracic cavity layer by layer with the right hand. When the feeling of needle resistance suddenly disappears, it means that the puncture needle has entered the chest cavity and can be pumped, and the puncture tube should be clamped shut after each syringe is full to prevent backflow of gas. After the puncture is finished, pull out the puncture needle, cover it with sterile gauze, compress it with force for a moment, and fix it with adhesive tape.