1, reasonable nutrition, balanced diet: eat more food containing high calcium and phosphorus, especially milk, dairy products, beans, eggs, green vegetables, kelp, fish, etc. Milk is a good source of calcium and vitamin D. Milk has high calcium content and is easily absorbed, adults should take 250-500ml of milk every day and pay attention to reasonable meal preparation; adhere to a low-salt diet and pay attention to Adhere to a low-salt diet, and pay attention to drink more water, to keep the bowel movement smooth, can improve appetite, promote the absorption of calcium; appropriate amount of vitamin D intake is also important for the absorption of calcium, the elderly who can not get sufficient sunlight, should pay attention to the daily supplementation of vitamin D, vitamin D-rich food, such as oil, liver, milk. 2. Quit smoking and limit alcohol, and drink less strong coffee, tea and carbonated drinks. 3. Maintain moderate body weight and reduce the burden on weight-bearing joints (such as knee joints, hip joints, spine, etc.). 4, adhere to the daily moderate muscle exercise and whole body balance and coordination exercise: exercise is essential to maintain bone health, long-term lack of exercise will lead to serious bone loss, such as walking, jogging, swimming, tai chi, dancing and cycling and other exercise, help reduce bone loss and maintain bone mass in later life; but exercise should pay attention to take various measures to prevent falls, and adjust the amount of exercise according to their physical condition Avoid fractures or other diseases caused by strenuous exercise or overexertion. 5, appropriate outdoor activities, increase sunlight: adhere to the daily sun for 20-30 minutes, can promote the synthesis of vitamin D, is conducive to intestinal calcium absorption. 6, learn to self-control, maintain a good state of mind, is conducive to maintaining the balance of the internal environment. 7, for postmenopausal women and high-risk groups with unfavorable bone health habits, early screening, can use bone densitometry, X-ray and other diagnostic techniques, as well as bone biochemical indicators and other regular monitoring of bone density and bone quality and trends of change, and under the guidance of doctors in reasonable preventive medicine.