Clinically, hyperuricemia is classified as primary and secondary. Clinically, hyperuricemia (HUA) is generally considered as hyperuricemia when the fasting blood uric acid level is higher than 420 μmol/L in men and 357 μmol/L in women on two non-same days under normal purine diet status. Prolonged hyperuricemia can lead to gout. The treatment of primary hyperuricemia and gout to lower uric acid includes: general treatment: low purine diet and control the total calorie of diet; restrict the consumption of alcohol and high purine food; encourage a lot of water to increase the excretion of uric acid; cautious use of drugs that inhibit uric acid excretion such as thiazide diuretics; avoid triggering factors and actively treat related diseases. Treatment of hyperuricemia: The aim is to maintain the normal level of uric acid. It mainly includes: uric acid-removing drugs such as benzbromarone, drugs that inhibit uric acid production such as allopurinol and febuxostat, alkaline drugs such as sodium bicarbonate, and new uric acid-lowering drugs such as selective uric acid reabsorption inhibitors. Treatment of acute gouty arthritis: When hyperuricemia progresses to gout, colchicine, NSAIDs and glucocorticoids are the first-line drugs for the treatment of acute gouty arthritis and should be used early. Management of interictal and chronic phases of gout attacks: For patients with frequent attacks of acute gouty arthritis, chronic gouty arthritis or gout stones, uric acid-lowering therapy should be adhered to. Treatment principles for secondary hyperuricemia: actively treat the primary disease; try to avoid or reduce the use of drugs and methods that may trigger and/or aggravate hyperuricemia; control acute gouty arthritis attacks as soon as possible. There are various methods of treatment for lowering uric acid, but the specific method of lowering uric acid should be chosen according to the cause and condition of the patient. Hyperuricemia and gout are often accompanied by metabolic syndrome, so comprehensive treatment such as blood pressure reduction, lipid reduction, weight loss and improvement of insulin resistance should be actively carried out. Therefore, comprehensive treatment is needed to lower uric acid, which must be carried out under the guidance of a doctor.