I. OverviewII. Treatment techniques and applications
(A) Monitoring and screening of high-risk groups.
(B) clinical manifestations.
(iii) laboratory tests.
(iv) imaging examinations.
Table 1 TI-RADS classification of thyroid nodules assessed by ultrasound
(v) vocal cord function assessment.
(vi) Pathology examination.
1. Cytopathological diagnosis guidelines for thyroid cancer
Table 2 Diagnostic grading criteria for TBSRTC
Table 3 Risk of malignancy and clinical management of each diagnostic grade of TBSRTC2. Guidelines for histopathological diagnosis of thyroid cancer(vii) Differential diagnosis.
III. Diagnosis of thyroid cancer: classification and staging
(I) Histologic classification of thyroid carcinoma.
Table 4 WHO histologic classification of thyroid tumors
1.PTC and its subtypes
2.FTC and its subtypes3.MTC and its subtypes4.PDTC and ATC(B) Staging of thyroid cancer.
1.AJCC staging
Table 5 TNM staging definition
Table 6 TNM staging of thyroid cancer
2.Prognostic correlates of thyroid cancer3. Risk stratification of recurrence in DTCTable 7 Clinico-pathological features of DTC risk of recurrence stratificationIV. Surgical treatment of thyroid cancer and common complications
(A) Surgical treatment of thyroid cancer.
1. Principles of treatment
2. Surgical treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer
3. Surgical treatment of MTC
4. Surgical treatment of undifferentiated carcinoma
5. Perioperative treatment
(B) Common postoperative complications.
Figure 1 Lymph node compartment in the neck
Table 8 Anatomic demarcation of cervical lymph node compartment
V. 131I therapy for differentiated thyroid cancer
(A) Risk stratification of death and risk stratification of recurrence after DTC surgery.
1. low risk of recurrence
2. medium risk stratification
3. high-risk stratification
(B) 131I treatment indications.
(C) Contraindications to 131I therapy.
(iv) 131I thyroid clearance therapy dose.
(v) Targets for TSH suppression therapy.
(vi) Principles of applied 131I clearance therapy in patients with local or distant metastases.
(vii) Principles of treatment for patients with Tg-positive 131I whole-body scans.
VI. Radiation therapy for thyroid cancer
(A) Indications for radiation therapy.
1. Highly differentiated PTC and FTC
Figure 2. Indications for radiotherapy of DTC
2. MTC
Figure 3. Indications for radiotherapy for MTC
3. ATC
4. Palliative radiotherapy for distant metastatic lesions of thyroid cancer
(B) EBRT technique.
1. pre-treatment assessment
2. Radiotherapy technique
Figure 4. Typical levels of target area outline for thyroid cancer
Figure 5. Typical levels of IMRT dose distribution for thyroid cancer
Figure 6 Two anterior oblique field cross-angle wedge irradiation technique
Figure 7 Standard field for conventional irradiation of thyroid cancer
Figure 8 Dose distribution of single anterior field irradiation with 20 MeV electron beam
Figure 9 Hybrid high-energy X-ray and electron ray irradiation technique
Fig. 10 Dose distribution of the small bucket field irradiation technique (10MV X-rays)
3. EBRT Complications
VII. Systemic treatment of thyroid cancer(a) Molecular targeted therapy.
(b) Chemotherapy.
(C) Immunotherapy.
(iv) Indications for targeted therapy.
Table 9 Chemotherapy regimens for adjuvant chemotherapy or synchronized chemoradiotherapy for stage IVA and IVB undifferentiated thyroid cancerTable 10 Chemotherapy regimens for stage IVC undifferentiated thyroid cancer
VIII. Therapeutic Chinese medicine for thyroid cancer(A) Identification and treatment.
(2) Treatment plan.
IX. Multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment model and follow-up of thyroid cancer
(I) Integrated multidisciplinary treatment model for thyroid cancer.
(b) Postoperative follow-up of thyroid cancer.
(C) Management of DTC after detection of recurrence or metastasis.
(iv) postoperative follow-up of MTC.