All kidney disease patients face the question “How to avoid aggravating kidney damage? , “How can I avoid going to dialysis?” . Clinically, some people may go to end-stage renal failure in 5 years or 1-2 years and need maintenance hemodialysis treatment, but there are also many kidney disease patients who maintain for decades without kidney failure. So how to prevent the deterioration of kidney disease? First of all, we should realize that most kidney diseases are chronic diseases and it may be a disease that accompanies us for a lifetime, and fully realize that the progress of the disease is closely related to our own life, and we are the most important person to control the progress of kidney disease, rather than relying on health care professionals. At the same time, you should have confidence and the courage to overcome the disease, not pessimism. The most fearful thing for people is to collapse mentally. We often see a lot of patients who were fine, after the physical examination found that there are problems with the kidneys become tired and weak, recuperate at home, or go around to seek medical help and medication, and as a result, their health is deteriorating. Can you imagine how they would live without medical checkups? The discovery of kidney disease is to better protect the kidneys, rather than invariably the patient carries a heavy burden. Secondly, we should take the initiative to acquire some knowledge about the nature and development of the disease and participate in the treatment of the disease. Do not follow the clouds and take some compelling advertising propaganda as a lifesaver. Have faith in science and medical evidence. We need to tell the best medical evidence today, arm patients with proper knowledge, train them to become self-care family doctors, learn to distinguish truth from falsehood, and protect their kidneys. Podocytosis, microdegenerative nephropathy and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) are common causes of nephrotic syndrome in children and adults. Among them, microscopic nephropathy is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children, accounting for 70-90% of children under 10 years of age; while it accounts for a smaller proportion of adults, only 10-15%. In recent years, the incidence of FSGS has been reported at home and abroad to be on the rise. According to the Institute of Kidney Diseases of the People’s Liberation Army, FSGS accounted for 6% of primary glomerulonephritis in adults in China from 1979 to 2002, and rose to 10% from 2003 to 2008. Most podocytosis and microdegenerative nephropathy are sensitive to hormone therapy, but hormone dependence and even hormone resistance are common during recurrent relapses. Only some patients with FSGS are sensitive to conventional hormone therapy and usually need to add second-line immunosuppressants. For patients with severe tubular function damage, unreasonable immunosuppressants or other drugs not only fail to relieve the disease, but sometimes aggravate the kidney damage and even cause further deterioration of kidney function. Therefore, the reasonable use of hormones and other immunosuppressive drugs to prevent disease relapse is very important to improve the quality of life and prognosis of patients. This is not only a requirement for doctors, as the subject of the disease – patients, should also take the initiative to master some knowledge about the disease, understand the nature and development of the disease, actively participate in the treatment of the disease, and standardize the use of drugs according to the requirements of doctors, which can not only reduce the relapse of the disease, consolidate the efficacy, but also avoid the side effects of the disease and drugs, and strive to improve the quality of life. After more than 30 years of efforts, the Institute of Nephrology has outstanding advantages in the diagnosis and treatment of podocytosis, microdegenerative nephropathy and FSGS.