In 2007, when Professor Hans Schlitt of Regensburg, Germany, used surgery to treat a patient with high-grade bile duct cancer, he found intraoperatively that the remaining volume of the patient’s left hepatic half was too small to support the patient’s postoperative recovery. He made an intraoperative decision to perform only a left hepatic duct jejunostomy. In the anastomosis, he dissociated the liver along the sickle ligament, i.e., in situ, and finally ligated the right portal vein, with the aim of postoperative hyperplasia of hepatic segments II and III. Driven by curiosity, he performed a CT examination on the patient’s 8th postoperative day and was surprised to find a huge hyperplasia of the left hepatic half. Therefore, he decided to perform a second step of enlarged right hepatectomy and the patient recovered satisfactorily after surgery, which started the 1st operation of ALPPS. The formal name of ALPPS is staged hepatectomy with combined liver dissection and portal vein ligation, which has two main steps: the first step is to sever the right branch of the portal vein and separate the left and right hemi-hepatic crackles. 7 to 14 days later, when the remaining liver volume has increased to a safe range, the hepatocellular carcinoma is then surgically removed. This procedure is one of the best treatments for giant liver tumors, multiple liver tumors and advanced liver cancer. With the advantage of laparoscopy, performing laparoscopic surgery will minimize the wound and minimize the risk. According to the literature, there are only a hundred or so successful cases of ALPPS worldwide, and only five cases have been reported in China. ALPPS requires two surgeries, and although neither of them is an unusually high-risk procedure, they are still two major surgeries, and it is very difficult to clearly dissect the intrahepatic ducts and vessels due to the complex structure of the liver. ALPPS is still under observation, and although patients who have undergone the procedure have shown improvement, longer-term observation is needed to determine whether the procedure will become widespread. In addition, further studies are needed to determine whether this technique is suitable for those with combined cirrhosis, the specific mechanism of rapid liver proliferation, whether the proliferation of liver cancer has any effect on the molecular biological behavior of liver cancer at the same time, the long-term treatment outcome of patients, and a randomized controlled study compared with the traditional two-step resection method.