I. Overview
Social progress, urban construction, and busy traffic have brought about frequent accidents and a rising trend of cranio-cerebral injuries.
Features.
1, sudden onset.
2, work site or traffic road.
3, young adults, 20-50 years old, male to female ratio of 1.5 times, serious injuries mostly to men, high mortality, serious social problems.
4.Many combined injuries, heart, lung, kidney, abdominal organs, limb fractures, etc., the probability of secondary injuries is high.
5, poor on-site treatment conditions, non-medical personnel, improper treatment methods, etc.
Significance.
Pre-hospital first aid is of great importance for follow-up treatment and improving treatment therapy.
Second, on-site first aid
Require correct and timely
1.Self-help and mutual-help for colleagues, drivers, family members and passers-by at the scene. Create opportunities and time for medical personnel to arrive at the scene to save the patient.
2.Stop bleeding! Very critical, clean material, pressure bandage. Open person with a clean container.
3, determine the injury, unconscious or awake, vomiting, headache, epilepsy, limb movement.
4.Lateral position or lateral prone position.
5.Remove vomit or oral foreign body, keep the airway open.
Special cases
1.Cranial brain damage after intoxication; injury: repeated vomiting, long sleep, diaphoresis, limb twitching.
2, elderly craniocerebral injury, vascular sclerosis, brain atrophy, osteoporosis, early symptoms are not obvious, poor outcome, late onset of subdural hematoma.
3, children’s craniocerebral injury: early hemorrhagic shock, few fractures, ping-pong fractures, late onset of cerebral infarction.
Third, medical treatment
Mild craniocerebral injury, medium-sized craniocerebral injury, heavy craniocerebral injury, intracranial hematoma, open craniocerebral injury.