The swallowing centers are located in the medulla oblongata. The brainstem swallowing centers, located bilaterally in the dorsal medulla oblongata, reflexively coordinate swallowing; higher centers in the cerebral cortex, including the frontal cortex, initiate and regulate voluntary swallowing activity. When food enters the oropharynx, it stimulates the corresponding receptors, i.e., the sensory branches of the afferent vagus nerve and the glossopharyngeal nerve, which are transmitted to the swallowing center, producing the sensation of swallowing. Afterwards, the motor branch of vagus nerve, glossopharyngeal nerve and hypoglossal nerve sends out nerve impulses to innervate the swallowing muscles and carry out swallowing activities. The higher centers in the cerebral cortex can initiate and regulate swallowing activity and perform voluntary swallowing; the normal performance of swallowing activity depends on the integrity of the swallowing reflex pathway, and any defect will result in the inability to perform swallowing activity. The swallowing center controls the contraction sequence of the swallowing muscles, once swallowing starts, the swallowing muscles will contract according to a certain contraction sequence, and other activities will be suspended until the swallowing is completed, which ensures the safety and effectiveness of swallowing activities. For specific related knowledge, it is recommended to consult a professional doctor for guidance, and seek medical attention if you feel unwell.