Amniotic fluid embolism is a serious complication of labor and delivery in which tangible substances (fetal animal hair, keratinized epithelium, fetal fat, fetal feces) and procoagulant substances from contaminated amniotic fluid enter the maternal circulation during delivery causing acute pulmonary embolism, anaphylaxis, diffuse intravascular coagulation, renal failure, or sudden death. The incidence is 4/100,000 to 6/100,000. The common explanation is sudden respiratory distress, respiratory arrest, shock due to the entry of amniotic fluid into the mother’s body, decreased blood pressure, excessive bleeding from multiple organs throughout the body, and anuria. Currently, amniotic fluid embolism is the most acute and critical obstetric disease with a low success rate of resuscitation. Due to the nature of the damage caused by amniotic fluid embolism, even if the mother survives, she will have sequelae mainly manifested by brain damage. The mother was delivered by cesarean section at a Hebei hospital in the immediate vicinity of Beijing, where she suffered hemorrhage, shock and coma. The doctors immediately diagnosed “amniotic fluid embolism”, and after emergency resuscitation and treatment, the patient was successfully resuscitated under the guidance of obstetrics specialists at the Beijing hospital, but she was in a coma, with significantly increased muscle tone in her limbs and general convulsions. The patient was transferred to our hyperbaric oxygen department of our hospital. Treatment included careful care, guidance of patient’s posture, nasal diet, calorie counting, electrolyte and acid-base balance, hormone levels, anti-infection, ensuring normal airway ventilation, correction of cardiac insufficiency, anti-seizure, prevention and timely detection of deep vein thrombosis, etc. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is performed after the condition is stabilized. Due to the seriousness of the patients treated in our department and the large number of patients, each time the hyperbaric oxygen therapy cabin was attended by medical and nursing staff. After careful treatment, the patient was able to communicate with his family and medical staff after 1 month, and basically resumed eating, standing and walking with assistance after 2 months. After that, she went to a rehabilitation hospital for rehabilitation treatment. Amniotic fluid embolism is an obstetrical emergency, some obstetricians do not see many of them in their lifetime, but it is life-threatening after occurrence and has neurological sequelae after successful resuscitation. For those patients who are lucky enough to survive after resuscitation, hyperbaric oxygen therapy should be considered. This is to minimize neurological damage.