At present, the causes of amniotic fluid embolism are not clear, but it cannot be excluded that it is related to the high age of primiparous labor, uterine rupture, excessive amniotic fluid, multiple pregnancies, uterine contraction, premature rupture of membranes, cesarean section, curettage, placenta praevia, high pressure in the amniotic cavity, and opening of the blood sinus, and so on. Amniotic fluid embolism is a series of pathophysiologic changes such as pulmonary hypertension, hypoxemia, circulatory failure, and multiorgan failure caused by the entry of amniotic fluid into the maternal circulation. Therefore, amniotic fluid embolism is characterized by a rapid onset of disease, an aggressive condition, unpredictability, and a high mortality rate. The diagnosis of amniotic fluid embolism can only be analyzed through clinical manifestations and predisposing factors. There are no internationally standardized diagnostic criteria and laboratory diagnostic indicators for amniotic fluid embolism. Therefore, during labor, pregnant women should avoid problems such as birth injury, uterine rupture and cervical laceration. In the event of discomfort during pregnancy, medical attention should be sought in a timely manner so as not to jeopardize the health of the body.