Prof. Liu Jiaxiang is the first batch of post-doctoral supervisor of national TCM inheritance, the supervisor of national famous old TCM experts academic experience successor, national and Shanghai famous TCM doctors. He graduated from the Shanghai College of Traditional Chinese Medicine in his early years, and studied under Zhang Bojiu and Chen Yaotang, who are famous in Shanghai. He has been dedicated to the treatment of malignant tumors and difficult diseases for more than 50 years, and is well known in the academic world for his dedication to efficacy, rigorous teaching, and abundant knowledge and experience. Based on his rich experience accumulated in long-term clinical practice, he has diligently pursued ancient teachings and new knowledge, and as early as the 1970s, he innovatively proposed the idea of “supporting the righteousness” as the main treatment for malignant tumors, believing that “deficiency of the righteousness” plays a key role in the development of tumors and advocating “After rigorous clinical verification and systematic theoretical collation, Liu Jiaxiang’s academic thought of “helping the righteousness to cure cancer” has been formed, which has a profound influence on the Chinese medicine treatment of malignant tumors. I have had the honor to consult with Liu and listen to his teachings, and I have benefited greatly. I would like to summarize and analyze the experience of Master Liu in the treatment of cervical cancer in order to enlighten the understanding of his academic thought, but due to my humble knowledge, the following analysis is only my personal opinion, so I hope my colleagues will be kind enough to correct me. Awareness of cervical cancer in traditional Chinese medicine The discussion of this kind of disease is scattered in the disciplines of “leakage from the collapse” and “bringing down”, and according to its clinical manifestations, it can be attributed to the categories of “accumulation of knots in the cell door” and “leakage from the collapse”. According to their clinical manifestations, they can be attributed to the categories of “accumulation of tissues in the uterus” and “leakage of blood”. As early as in the Spring and Autumn Period, “Ling Shu? It is written in “Water Distension” that “the stone obstruction is born in the cell, the cold air is guest in the Zi Men, the Zi Men is closed, the gas cannot be passed, the bad blood is not diarrhea when it is diarrhea, [to stay and stop, day by day it is bigger, it looks like a pregnant child, the menstruation does not fall at the right time, it is born in women, it can be guided and lowered.” That is, it is pointed out that the method of guiding the evil out can be used. The Han dynasty Zhang Zhongjing “Jin Kui Essentials” pointed out that “women’s disease, because of the deficiency accumulation of cold knotted gas, for all the menstrual water cut off, to have a calendar year, blood cold accumulation of cells …… silt blood in the less abdominal does not go”, the record is consistent with the disease, put forward the role of deficiency, cold, stasis in the pathogenesis. The Tang dynasty Sun Simiao in the “preparation of urgent thousand gold to formula” under the women’s formula mentioned: “collapse in the leakage, red, white, green and black, rotten smell can not be close, people face colorless, skin and bones connected, menstrual disorders, irregular flow, small abdominal strings urgent, or bitter colic up to the heart, the two swollen, food does not produce skin, people bias withered, lack of breath less lumbar back pain even knee, can not stand for a long time, every sleepy because of congenital kidney Qi deficiency, or acquired Damage to kidney qi, resulting in kidney laziness.” It is proposed that deficiency of kidney qi is the key to pathogenesis, and also describes some symptoms similar to cachexia. The Sui Dynasty “Source of Diseases” records that “the disease of collapse, is injured or damaged in the punching of the veins …… punching of the Qi deficiency, can not control the menstrual blood, so suddenly collapse under …… injured people, the five organs are deficient, so the five colors with the collapse of the next. ” The symptoms and signs of cervical cancer are more typically described, and it is believed that the deficiency of the punching point is a basic pathogenesis of the disease. Therefore, ancestral medicine has accumulated rich experience in the treatment of this disease. According to Liu Jiaxiang, the uterus is located in the lower jiao and is responsible for menstruation, pregnancy, fetus and delivery. Its physiological function is based on blood, and it is closely related to the eight channels of the Qi meridians, namely, Chong, Ren, Du, Belt and Liver and Kidney. The pathogenesis of the disease is often caused by various pathogenic factors that lead to deficiency of the Punch and Ren, the loss of the Governor Vessel, the loss of the Belt Vessel, and the accumulation of cancer, dampness, and heat toxins that take advantage of the deficiency and accumulate in the uterus, which leads to local masses due to dampness and heat stagnation, phlegm and blood stasis. The common causes of deficiency of positive energy are related to the following physiopathological characteristics of women. 1.1 Deficiency of liver and kidney when the disease occurs in the sixth and seventh decades of life can be inferred from the patient’s age of onset. Clinical epidemiological data show that after the age of 40 is the high incidence of the disease, and at this time, ancestral medicine believes that the patient from the physiological point of view already belongs to the “six or seven” kidney deficiency, such as the “Nei Jing” records: “six or seven, three Yang pulse decay in the upper, the face are scorched, the hair begins to white. Seventh seventh, the Ren pulse is deficient, the Taichong pulse decreases less, the Tiankui is exhausted, the earth is not accessible, so the form is bad and no children.” The aforementioned hair whitening, Tai Chong pulse decaying less, Tian Kui exhaustion, and the ground channel is inaccessible all suggest the pathological state of kidney essence gradually depleted, and the deficiency of liver and kidney. In the book “The Essentials of the Golden Killing? Women’s chapter: “Women aged 50 years by …… this disease is under the belt, why? Once half-birth, silt blood in the less abdomen does not go ……,” more clearly pointed out fifty as the age of susceptibility. The Jing Yue Quan Shu: “women outside the forties, the menstrual flow will be broken year, more see the menstrual flow does not arrive, when this time is the most important to prevent and check, if more depression and unregulated sufferers and see this, so that there is a collapse of the signs ……” the above accounts all show that the ancients have recognized the occurrence of this disease and women The year of the menstrual break, once half-birth, the seven emotions of the injury, the blood has not stopped and combined Yin and Yang, etc. have a certain relationship. The exception is that the age is after forty years old. This suggests that liver and kidney deficiency and dysregulation of the flush is the basis for the development of this disease. 1.2 Menstruation, pregnancy, childbirth and breastfeeding, depletion of essence and blood According to Chinese medicine, the physiological characteristics of women, such as menstruation, pregnancy, childbirth and breastfeeding, are all based on Yin and Blood, especially on Liver Blood and Kidney Essence, which provide a continuous material basis. It is even said that “the liver is the precursor for women”. Once the liver blood deficiency, kidney essence deficiency, it can lead to the loss of nourishment of the five organs, deficiency of qi and blood, depletion of yin and fluid and lead to insufficient source of chemistry, and then derived from the “menstruation, belt, fetus, delivery” diseases. When women are over 40 years old, it is after “menstruation, pregnancy, childbirth and breastfeeding” that the essence and blood in the body are repeatedly depleted; this is also the time when women have the heaviest social, work and family burdens, and are often triggered by social and emotional factors, which can easily lead to the gradual deficiency of positive energy, resulting in the accumulation of evil toxins and the formation of malignant diseases in the cell door. 1.3 Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are easy to injure Yin and blood. Modern treatment for cervical cancer is mainly surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Especially for patients with early onset, surgery is often the first choice of treatment, but blood may be lost during surgery; radiation is hot and yang in nature, which may easily injure the surrounding normal tissues as well as the body’s yin and blood fluids; chemotherapy is prone to injure the spleen and stomach, resulting in abnormal transportation and transformation, lack of biochemical source of qi and blood, resulting in white and atrophy, weakness of limbs, etc.; depletion of kidney essence will hinder the mutual production of essence and blood, resulting in dizziness, loss of hair and eyebrows, loose teeth and gingival pale, etc. A brittle claws and claws withered and so on, a bunch of essence and blood does not glory of the marquis. Due to the above physiopathological characteristics of women, the deficiency of positive energy in cervical cancer is based on the deficiency of liver and kidney, especially the deficiency of yin and blood. However, due to the “mutual root of yin and yang”, the loss of yin and yang over time often leads to deficiency of both yin and yang, so there is no shortage of people with spleen and kidney yang deficiency in clinical practice. The clinical manifestations of this disease are localized in the lower jiao and are closely related to dampness, heat, toxicity and blood stasis. Dampness is a yin evil, its nature is sticky, easy to attack the yin position. As described in the “Nei Jing” in the “66”: “The beginning of the birth of a hundred diseases, …… clear damp is injured under. …… clear dampness attacks the deficiency, then the disease starts in the lower”. This is the first time I’ve ever seen a woman with a newborn baby. Clinically, it is common to see a large amount of leucorrhea, colored like rice slop or cloudy yellow, with an obscene odor and an unending streak of dampness as a characteristic of the disease. Heat toxins accumulate in the uterus. It is often characterized by the agglomeration of foreign heat and dampness, stored in the lower jiao, can cause the lower jiao qi stagnation is not smooth, the decision malfunction, dampness and heat poisonous evil more difficult to discharge, the accumulation of long days into a tangible product. Especially in the clinical radiotherapy, is not only an important means of treatment of the disease, but also an important source of heat and poisonous evil. Clinical symptoms often include body heat, constipation, dripping urine, vaginal discharge of fishy and foul-smelling putrefactive material, and localized redness, swelling, and pain. Blood stasis accumulates in the cell door. Ling Shu? Water Distension” states: “Stone impurity is born in the cell …… when the malignant blood is diarrhea but not diarrhea …… can be guided down. It has been clear that malignant blood is an important pathological mechanism. In the Han Dynasty, Zhang Zhongjing’s Jin Kui Yao points out: “The disease of women is due to the deficiency of cold and knotted gas,…… until there are calendar years, blood cold accumulates in the cells …… silt blood in the less abdomen does not go”. It has been recognized that the process of the disease, blood stasis as an important causative factor, but also the pathological products of the disease development process. Therefore, Zhongjing made Gui Zhi Fu Ling Wan to treat this disease, in which peach kernel and safflower were used to invigorate blood and resolve blood stasis. Liu Shi combined with modern medical knowledge to point out that, compared with men, women’s pelvic floor circulation is mainly characterized by an increased number of veins and weak structure. In addition, the veins of the bladder, reproductive system and rectum are connected to each other. Because of the lack of valves, a circulatory disorder in any one of the three systems can affect the other two systems. It is this feature that makes the pelvic circulatory system clinically susceptible to bruising and supports the thesis that bruising plays a key role in the development of this disease. The conventional clinical treatment for this disease includes surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. With the advancement of early diagnosis techniques, the proportion of early stage patients has gradually increased, but seven out of ten are still intermediate to late stage patients, especially in rural areas where the proportion of late stage patients is higher. Therefore, in principle, treatment should always take into account the characteristic that the disease is deficient in nature, and even for relatively early lesions, it is not advocated to break the silt and attack the accumulation, and to use the method of great downward movement [1]. The treatment of this disease often uses nourishing the liver and kidney, nourishing Yin and clearing heat, relieving dampness and detoxifying nodules, invigorating blood stasis, tonifying Qi and benefiting Blood, relieving depression in the liver, and warming the kidney and strengthening the spleen. In contrast, chemotherapy mostly causes deficiency of qi and blood, while radiotherapy more often causes damp-heat downward injection. 3.1 Evidence-based treatment, supplemented by disease identification Liu emphasized that TCM treatment of this disease should not be confined to disciplines and portals, especially not to overemphasize the characteristics of TCM and be bound by its own disciplines. At the same time, he should have an in-depth understanding of modern medicine and a systematic understanding of the main treatment methods, so that he can consider the prescription of medicine comprehensively and without bias. He is not only well versed in the application of herbal medicines, but also has a good understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of various Chinese medicine disciplines, such as knife, acupuncture, moxibustion and external application, as well as the principles and efficacy of modern tumor surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and targeted therapy. Therefore, in clinical practice, he is always able to take the treatment methods of Chinese and Western medicine into full consideration, and use them in a comprehensive manner, often achieving good results. He not only asks his students to keep track of the latest academic progress, but also insists on attending academic conferences and referring to the latest domestic and international clinical guidelines to keep abreast of the latest knowledge in cervical cancer treatment. When patients have indications for radiotherapy and chemotherapy, he often asks them to undergo a combination of Chinese and Western medicine at the same time. But at the same time, Prof. Liu has been teaching his students that the treatment of malignant tumors in Chinese medicine must be based on evidence-based treatment and supplemented by disease-based treatment, so that the evidence can be randomly transferred, the method can be established with the evidence, and the prescription can be derived from the method. As stated in the Nei Jing, “Be careful to observe the disease mechanism, each division of its own genus, those who have sought, those who have not sought the Sheng is to blame, the deficiency is to blame, must first five wins, dredge its blood and qi, so that it regulates, and to peace, this is also called.” 3.2 Support the righteousness, liver and kidney first Liu Shi pointed out that patients with cervical cancer who seek Chinese medicine or belong to advanced stage patients, or patients who have been treated with surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy systems. Most of them show emaciation, pale face, dizziness, mental fatigue, back pain, swollen limbs, weakness of limbs and weak pulse, which should belong to deficiency evidence. As for yin deficiency, yang deficiency, cold evidence, heat evidence, and what organs and meridians the disease belongs to, they must be analyzed in a secondary manner. As can be seen from the foregoing, due to the physiopathological and therapeutic characteristics of women, the disease occurs with deficiency of liver and kidney yin and loss of essence and blood, especially liver and kidney yin deficiency is particularly common. We counted 69 complete cases of cervical cancer and found that the number of cases identified as liver and kidney yin deficiency was 48 times higher. The treatment is always based on “tonifying the liver and kidneys and tonifying the flush”, which is commonly used in clinical practice, such as Liu Wei Di Huang Wan and Ren Qi Wan. If there is evidence of Yin deficiency and internal heat, Zhi Bai Di Huang Wan is preferred. If there is a yin deficiency and yang testimony, then it is preferred to use Xian Ling Spleen, Xian Mao, Mu Man Tou, Semen Cuscutae, Ba Ji Tian and other warming kidney medicine; if there is a loss of essence and blood, then non-deer horn cream, turtle plate, turtle nail, Agaricus and other flesh and blood sentient products to build. If there is a deficiency of both spleen and kidney, and the middle qi is sinking, then the method of successive days and tonic is used, combined with the tonic of middle qi soup to increase the loss. 3.3 Rapid elimination of “levy accumulation” and seeking for “knife kyu” Liu Shi believes that this disease is caused by deficiency of positive qi, followed by qi stagnation, blood stasis, dampness and phlegm condensation, and heat and toxicity accumulation. Once the disease is formed, it will stagnate blood vessels, occlude meridians, fill water channels, and paralyze the qi flow, resulting in malfunction of the five viscera and six internal organs, malfunction of qi, blood, and fluid, and all kinds of evidence. The treatment of promoting Qi and blood circulation, resolving phlegm and dispersing nodules, detoxifying and clearing the ligaments, etc. is certainly effective in removing the accumulation and eliminating the symptoms, but due to the deficiency of positive qi, the patient is unable to dispel the evil. At this time, on the basis of not damaging the positive qi, we should consider the use of “knife and kyu” as early as possible. The treatment of symptomatology, including the current surgical procedure, has been recorded by Hua Tuo since its inception and has progressed rapidly through the development of modern medicine. Therefore, as long as the patient can still tolerate the large size of tangible obstruction, we should first consider the use of “knife-gui”, instead of sticking to the internal use of Chinese medicine. Moreover, the elimination of tangible obstruction will open up the meridians, blood channels, qi channels and water channels, which is more conducive to the function of the internal organs and the recovery of positive energy. This is where Liu’s emphasis on “removing evil” in order to “help the righteous” lies. The common pathological factors of this disease are dampness, toxicity and stasis, and clinically the three are often agglutinated. For clearing heat and resolving dampness, drugs such as Phellodendron, August zha, bitter ginseng, Tu Fu Ling, Bai Ying, bitter ginseng, and half branch lotus are commonly used; for activating blood circulation and resolving blood stasis, Tu Yuan, angelica, red peony, myrrh, and curcuma; for anticancer and detoxification, drugs such as white flowering snake tongue herb, seven-leaved one branch flower, tianlong, cat’s claw herb, mountain cichlid mushroom, lobelia, dried toad skin, red bean curd, etc. are commonly used, which, in addition to the effects recorded in traditional Chinese medicine, are often confirmed by modern pharmacological research to have clear inhibitory effect on tumor proliferation. In addition, Dr. Liu emphasized another important point in the treatment of this disease, which is also worth noting in the treatment of all malignant tumors, namely the factor of cancer toxicity. Although “helping the righteous” is fundamental in the treatment of this disease, the potential danger of the “cancerous poison” factor should not be forgotten at all times. The evil of cancer toxin is very stubborn, with the stickiness of “dampness”, the flow of “phlegm” and the occlusion of “stasis”. Once formed, it is extremely difficult to be eliminated, and despite repeated blows from surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, it is still like ashes in the stove, which are not yet extinguished. Therefore, in clinical practice, Liu often analyzes the patient’s imaging, tumor markers and main symptoms to make an objective evaluation of the cancer toxicity, and often takes 3-4 flavors from Baiying, Fu Ling, Long Qi, Tian Long, Shan Ci Mushroom, Half Branch Lotus, etc. and applies them together for a long period of time to achieve the purpose of fighting cancer and eliminating evil, so as to prevent the “cancer toxicity” from resuming, but At the same time, attention should be paid to protecting stomach qi to prevent bitter cold from injuring the stomach.