Calcium is an important component of bones and is mainly derived from food. Calcium can be supplemented if adequate amounts of calcium cannot be consumed from food. It is not harmful to consume slightly more calcium than needed. There are a large number of calcium supplements sold in the market, such as calcium carbonate and calcium citrate. Calcium D, 1-2 tablets per day, can adequately replenish the daily calcium requirement, and because it contains vitamin D3, it allows for more complete calcium absorption. Roscalciferol, also known as calcitriol, is one of the active metabolites of vitamin D. It not only promotes intestinal calcium ion absorption and increases urinary calcium reabsorption by the distal tubule, but also activates osteoclasts to enable bone resorption and activates osteoblasts to promote bone formation. However, calcium and vitamin D supplementation is only the basic treatment for osteoporosis. In addition to calcium supplementation for patients with severe osteoporosis, estrogen replacement therapy can be used for menopausal women. For those who have typical osteoporosis, calcitonin, diphosphonate and sodium fluoride can be used to rapidly reduce pain and relieve the condition, but they should be used under the guidance of physicians. In order to prevent the occurrence of osteoporosis, in addition to drugs, more attention should be paid to personal lifestyle, such as avoiding alcohol and smoking, because alcohol has a toxic effect on bones, smoking reduces peak bone density, leading to early menopause and affect the effect of estrogen replacement therapy; glucocorticoids and certain drugs can increase bone loss and affect bone growth; salt and excess protein and phosphorus can increase calcium excretion from the urine; excess fibrous food can Reduce the body’s absorption rate of calcium; caffeine can increase the concentration of calcium in the urine, often drinking coffee and cola will increase the loss of calcium; lack of exercise will reduce bone calcium, bone formation slowed. Physical exercise plays an important role in enhancing bone quality in youth, but only in maintaining bone quality in old age. Outdoor sunbathing can regulate bone calcium metabolism. If you have osteoporosis, do not lift heavy objects because you are prone to fractures; do not overexert your back; do not use a stool or chair to pick up things from high places; do not bend your head below the waist to pick up things, but squat and keep your upper body straight to pick up things; walk or do things as slowly as possible to avoid falling; to prevent spinal curvature, stand with your body straight, sit with your body straight, and lie with your body straight.