Thyroid nodules have been unified in the industry in terms of surgical approach. The first is unilateral plus isthmus resection, because the thyroid gland is divided into the left lobe, the right lobe, and the isthmus connected in the middle, so the surgery is unilateral lobe plus isthmus total resection; the second is total thyroid resection, including both sides of the lobe and isthmus total resection; the third is called near total resection, which means the remaining thyroid gland is less than 1g on both sides, that is, near total thyroid resection. The surgical approach depends on the patient’s specific situation, including the patient’s age, the benignity and malignancy of the tumor, the size of the tumor, whether it breaks through the envelope, and whether it invades other nearby organs. Therefore, different surgical approaches are performed according to the differences of the situation. Surgical modalities include open surgery and lumpectomy. If open surgery or lumpectomy and specifically which surgical modality to do, different modalities should be taken according to patient differences.