Lens clouding is called cataract. When various reasons cause changes in atrial fluid composition and lens capsule permeability and metabolic disorders, the lens protein degeneration, water gap, vacuole, cell epithelial proliferation and other changes between fibers, the transparent lens becomes cloudy and cataract is formed.
The lens is located in the front and middle of the eye, and its role is equivalent to that of a zoom lens of a camera, with the role of convergence of light (20D convex lens) and adjustment (zoom). The lens is a transparent tissue with no blood vessels and no direct contact with surrounding tissues, and is mainly nourished by atrial fluid. Cataracts are primarily visual impairments caused by the loss of transparency of the lens. Cataract is a common and major blindness-causing eye disease, and it is the number one cause of blindness for nearly 50% of the more than 5 million blind people in China today. Analysis of the quality of life of cataract patients shows that the worse the vision of elderly cataract patients, the lower the quality of life, and the low vision affects the patients’ own behavior and mental condition, which is reflected in the loss of basic living ability and physical and mental health, and also increases the burden of patients’ families and society. Currently, blindness and disability caused by cataract is still an important public health and social problem in China. Cataract surgery is the only internationally recognized effective treatment method.
In conclusion, cataract is a clouding of the transparent lens, which is equivalent to the lens of a camera being opaque.