Dietary regulation: 1, adequate water: minimum daily fluid intake: 500mL for 5kg body weight, 960mL for 10kg body weight, 1260mL for 15kg body weight and 1500mL for 20kg body weight. 2, dietary fiber intake: a reasonable goal for infant fiber intake is about 5g/day, and infant rice flour provides negligible dietary fiber. Most vegetables and fruits supply about 1g/serving of fiber, and whole wheat, barley and mixed grain cereals can provide 1-2g/serving of fiber. Add sorbitol-containing fruit juices (e.g., apple, plum, or pear) for infants who have not started solid foods, and use sorbitol-containing purees for infants who have been on solid foods for 4 months or older. Increase the fiber content of solid foods and replace rice paste with mixed grain porridge. In children over 1 year of age with dry, hard stools, straining to defecate, and mild painful bowel movements (no stool holding, bleeding, or anal fissures), a change in diet is sufficient to resolve the problem. Application of laxatives: If the stool is bulbous hard stool or coarse hard formed stool, stool-holding behavior, painful defecation, rectal bleeding or anal fissure, treatment with laxatives such as lactulose is recommended to soften the stool and increase the frequency of defecation. If the stool in the rectum is very hard, occasional use of corkage may be used to stimulate rectal defecation. These measures should not be used frequently because of the possibility of dependence. If the stool returns to soft stool without painful defecation and rectal bleeding, defecation training is recommended. Defecation training: Stool preparation: bright colorful appearance, appropriate height of the stool, so that both knees are higher than the buttocks, which is conducive to the descent of the rectal ligaments, and both feet should be on the ground for force. Defecation action: pinch the nose and blow the balloon action. Time choice: half an hour after waking up early or after a meal, lasting 5-10 minutes. Parents should not reprimand the child if no stool is passed, and give verbal praise or small rewards if the stool is successfully passed. Avoid prolonged squatting, prolonged sitting, and strong efforts that result in anal muscle fatigue.