Osteoporosis (osteoporosis) is a systemic bone disease characterized by a decrease in bone mass and destruction of the microstructure of bone, manifested by an increased brittleness of the bone and therefore a much higher risk of fracture, even with minor trauma or in the absence of trauma. Osteoporosis is a chronic disease caused by multiple factors. Osteoporosis is a systemic metabolic disease characterized by a decrease in bone mass and destruction of the microstructure of bone tissue, leading to a decrease in bone strength and an increased risk of fracture. There are usually no specific clinical manifestations until fractures occur. The disease is more common in women than men, and is commonly seen in postmenopausal women and the elderly. In China, patients with osteoporosis or low bone density are a large and rapidly growing group, yet the problem is that most people are not aware of it. The disease occurs at an earlier age than one might think, even starting in the 20s and 30s. Bone loss occurs completely unnoticed and as quietly as sand in an hourglass. Pain. The most common symptom of primary osteoporosis is low back pain, which accounts for 70-80% of patients with pain. Pain in osteoporosis slices spreads along the spine to both sides, decreases when lying on the back or sitting, increases when posteriorly stretched when standing upright or when standing or sitting for a long time, is light during the day, increases at night and when waking up in the early morning, and increases when bending, muscle movement, coughing, and straining to stool. Bone pain generally occurs when 12% or more of bone mass is lost. In old age osteoporosis, the vertebral trabeculae atrophy and decrease in number, the vertebral body compresses and deforms, the spine flexes forward, the lumbar rash muscle doubles its contraction in order to correct the forward flexion of the spine, the muscle fatigue or even spasm, producing pain. A recent compression fracture of the thoracolumbar spine can also produce acute pain, with strong pressure pain and percussion pain in the spinal spinous process at the corresponding site, which can generally be gradually reduced after 2-3 weeks, and some patients can present with chronic low back pain. If the corresponding spinal nerve is compressed, radiating pain in the extremities, sensory-motor disorders in both lower extremities, intercostal neuralgia, retrosternal pain similar to angina pectoris, or epigastric pain similar to acute abdomen may occur. If compression of the spinal cord and cauda equina nerve affects bladder and rectal function. The principle of reduced bone density due to smoking is that nicotine in tobacco can affect calcium absorption, nicotine inhibits osteoblasts, stimulates osteoclast activity, etc. Inadequate calcium intake alone will allow some of the bone calcium to be released into the blood to maintain normal blood calcium levels. In this way, it will reduce bone density and even trigger osteoporosis.