Kidney cyst is divided into hereditary disease and simple kidney cyst, the details are as follows: 1, hereditary kidney cyst: such as polycystic kidney, such as parents or siblings suffering from polycystic kidney, children or siblings family prone to polycystic kidney. 20 years old before the performance is not obvious, 20-40 years old polycystic kidney will change sharply. For polycystic kidney more conservative treatment, while for bleeding, infection, pain and other complications to give symptomatic treatment can be; 2, simple renal cysts: clinically common, cysts include exogenous type, endogenous type or parapelvic cysts, exogenous type is more common. If the cyst is <5cm, such as small cyst of 1-2cm, the compression on kidney is small, so it can be taken as vigilant observation or waiting; if the cyst is >5cm, the cyst compresses the kidney unit leading to kidney ischemia and hypoxia, which is easy to cause kidney atrophy, so the kidney cyst of 5cm or more is recommended to be treated by surgery. The surgical method is commonly used laparoscopic surgery, which is minimally invasive and less traumatic. Kidney cysts can also become malignant, commonly known as cystic kidney cancer. According to the grading of cysts, including CT image changes, we can determine whether further diagnosis and treatment are needed.