People’s life, no matter how big or small diseases are inseparable from drug treatment, and as we grow older, more diseases, eat the drug may be more. And there is an old Chinese saying: medicine is three parts poison. It means that drugs can both cure and cause disease. The so-called “cause disease” is the adverse effects of drugs that lead to disease, the most common of which is drug-induced damage to kidney function. Why do drugs easily cause kidney damage? As we all know, the kidney is an important organ for the metabolism and excretion of drugs, so it is also the main target organ for drug-induced damage. Generally speaking, most drugs are metabolized by the liver and then excreted from the kidneys, and when liver function is abnormal, the burden of drug metabolism from the kidneys increases significantly. And there is also a part of drugs metabolized and excreted only in the kidney, so the concentration of certain drugs gathered in the kidney is much higher than the drug concentration in the blood, thus increasing the chance of systemic adverse reactions, and there is also the accumulation and precipitation of drugs in the kidney tissues, leading to damage to the kidney tissues themselves. Physiologically, on the one hand, the kidney is rich in blood flow, and its blood flow accounts for about 25% of the heart beat output, so this makes it easy for the drug to reach the kidney, while the drug has a large contact area in the glomerulus with the renal tubules and renal tissues, leading to the sensitivity of the kidney to drug-related damage; in addition, the kidney is also extremely rich in capillaries and has a large surface area of endothelial cells, which increases the formation of antigen- antibody complexes formed in the glomerulus. On the other hand, a variety of substances in the renal tubular epithelium are involved in the absorption and metabolism of drugs, causing drug accumulation in the tubules, while the presence of changes in the pH of urine in the tubules can affect the solubility of drugs, leading to damage from crystalline blockage of drugs. In addition, drug concentration in the renal medullary interstitium increases with urine concentration, and the renal medullary blood flow is rich in high oxygen consumption, and drugs that affect the renal medullary blood flow and oxygen supply also tend to cause renal damage. The main mechanisms of nephrotoxicity are: 1. direct damage to tubular epithelial cells and renal interstitium, leading to acute tubular necrosis and acute or chronic interstitial nephritis; 2. drug deposition in the kidney blocking the tubules, leading to intrarenal obstruction; 3. immune reactions and allergic reactions to drugs leading to kidney damage, which can cause glomerular disease and acute interstitial nephritis; 4. drugs on renal blood flow Kinetics of the drug, causing pre-renal acute renal failure; 5, the indirect effects of drugs damage the kidney.