Pleural effusion refers to the collection of excessive fluid in the pleural cavity and is divided into exudative pleural effusion and leaking pleural effusion. Treatment of pleural effusion should actively target the cause and thoracentesis aspiration to reduce the symptoms. There are many causes and diseases of pleural effusion, including lung cancer, systemic lupus erythematosus, bacterial and viral infections, tuberculous pleurisy, etc. Depending on the cause of pleural effusion, treatment of the cause and symptomatic treatment are required, for example, tuberculous pleurisy, pulmonary tuberculosis, etc. Symptoms such as weakness and night sweats may occur, and the diagnosis is confirmed by combining with bacteriocin test and X-ray, and anti-tuberculosis treatment is required. Excessive pleural effusion may require thoracentesis for fluid extraction. Symptoms of pleural effusion caused by cardiac disease include seated breathing, dyspnea during labor, nocturnal paroxysmal dyspnea, peripheral edema, bilateral pulmonary rales, and gallop rhythm, etc. A small amount of pleural effusion can be absorbed by itself after the symptoms improve through cardiopulmonary treatment. Malignant pleural effusion, caused by primary pleural mesothelioma, breast cancer, lung cancer, metastasis of other tumors, etc., may cause weakness and wasting. If the disease progresses quickly, chest tightness, pain, and pleural effusion are mostly bloody, etc. Pathological examination is required to confirm the diagnosis, and surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy are needed to control the disease. In short, the appearance of pleural effusion to confirm the cause of the disease, choose a different treatment plan, and treat the cause and symptoms. Control the disease and delay the life.