Muscle atrophy is actually a decrease in the size of the muscle fibers of the transverse muscle, and in severe cases the fibers may even disappear. This leads to a decrease in muscle size and a decrease in muscle strength. The causes of muscular dystrophy include dystrophy of the muscle triggered by a disorder of the nervous system, problems with the muscle itself, disuse muscle atrophy and other causes. The reduction in muscle filaments results in smaller than normal muscle size and reduced muscle strength, which can make the patient less mobile. There are 6 levels of muscle strength: level 5 is normal muscle strength; level 4 can fight against external resistance and the symptoms are not too severe; level 3 can move but the limb will feel strained to lift; level 2 when the limb cannot be lifted and can only pan in a plane; level 1 when the muscle is only slightly contracted; and level 0 when there is complete paralysis. When the condition is severe, it can cause respiratory muscle dysfunction and threaten the patient’s life. In order to confirm the diagnosis, electromyography (EMG) is usually used to accurately detect the state of the muscles using bioelectricity, and the general public can have a rough idea of their own muscle circumference by measuring it. In summary, most muscle atrophy is neurologically derived muscular dystrophy, which can be alleviated with the right treatment of muscle fiber reduction.