The length of time a pneumoconiosis patient can live depends on the severity of the pneumoconiosis and the effectiveness of the treatment, and cannot be generalized. Pneumoconiosis is a relatively common occupational disease caused by chronic non-specific inflammation of the lungs due to long-term inhalation of harmful dust, metal particles and harmful gases. Patients have an insidious onset and symptoms are not obvious. Some patients have symptoms of weakness, low fever, night sweats, poor appetite and weight loss, and if patients have severe symptoms, they may have chest tightness and shortness of breath. In milder cases, the disease can be removed from the work environment, strengthen the diet and nutrition, and actively exercise to improve their immunity, which can be relieved on their own and does not affect their life expectancy. If the patient is seriously ill, glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive drugs should be used to control the symptoms and maintain normal lung function, which can effectively delay the development of pneumoconiosis, while actively exercising to improve physical fitness, so that the patient can have a good prognosis and survive for a long time; if the patient is not detrimentally removed from the working environment and does not receive timely and effective treatment, some patients can only survive for 3-5 years. In addition, pneumoconiosis patients can also use cough-suppressing and phlegm-suppressing, lung-clearing and asthma-suppressing drugs, and carry out complementary Chinese medicine treatment to improve patients’ quality of life.