1. Nutritional iron deficiency anemia can develop at any age, but is most common between the ages of 6 months and 2 years. The onset of the disease is relatively insidious, and many children are diagnosed only when they visit the doctor for other diseases. (1) General manifestations The skin and mucous membranes are gradually pale or pale yellow, with the lips, oral mucosa and nail bed being the most obvious. They may feel tired and weak easily, be irritable and cry or have low spirits, be inactive and have decreased appetite. Older children may complain of dizziness, blackness in front of the eyes and tinnitus. (2) Hematopoietic organ manifestations The liver, spleen and lymph nodes are often mildly enlarged due to extra-marrow hematopoietic reaction. The younger the age, the longer the disease duration and the more severe the anemia, the more obvious the enlargement of the liver and spleen, but the enlargement rarely exceeds the moderate degree, and the lymph nodes are less enlarged and tough. (3) Other symptoms and signs Due to epithelial damage may appear anthelmintic, inflammation of oral mucosa and anus, atrophy of tongue papillae, etc. Digestive system symptoms often include low appetite, heterophagia, occasional indigestion, vomiting or diarrhea. Respiration, pulse rate may be compensatingly accelerated, and systolic murmurs may be heard in the precordial region. In severe anemia, the heart may be enlarged and even complicated by cardiac insufficiency. 2. Nutritional megaloblastic anemia is common in infants and children aged 6 months to 2 years. They are often breastfed without complementary foods (especially if the lactating mother is a long-term vegetarian or has impaired absorption of vitamins), fed only plant foods for a long time or fed with goat milk alone. The child has a history of chronic diarrhea, or has been taking methotrexate or phenobarbital for a long time. The child’s skin is waxy yellow, fat or slightly puffy on the face. The hair is fine yellow and thinning. Psychoneurological symptoms may appear, not exactly parallel to the degree of anemia. In vitamin B12 deficiency, neurological signs and symptoms appear, such as unresponsiveness, less crying, less smiling, and delayed or even regressed intellectual and motor development, and in severe cases, neurological organic lesions, such as irregular limb tremors and ankle clonus. Folic acid deficiency does not cause neurological symptoms, but neuropsychiatric abnormalities, such as irritability and irritability, may occur. Children often suffer from loss of appetite, nausea, diarrhea, abdominal distention, tongue inflammation, and may have enlarged liver and spleen. In short, when parents find that their children are pale, not playful, sleepy, inattentive, etc., they should take them to the hospital in time to detect the problem early and treat it early to avoid serious consequences.