During a routine medical checkup earlier this year, Mr. Wang was found to have a small lump in his liver. Unable to determine whether it was benign or malignant, the worried Mr. Wang was uncertain whether he should have surgery. After careful examination, it was determined that Mr. Wang’s liver mass was a benign cyst that only needed to be observed regularly, putting his worries to rest. It is understood that many people will find small liver masses when they have a physical examination or an ultrasound of the liver for other diseases, and the characterization of these small masses has always been a common concern for physicians and patients. The common clinical liver masses are benign and malignant. The benign ones are mainly liver cysts, liver hemangiomas, liver inflammatory pseudotumors, liver adenomas, etc.; the malignant masses are mainly liver cancer. If the nature of the masses can be distinguished in time, early treatment of small liver cancer is effective. For example, the 5-year survival rate of patients with tiny liver cancer under 2 cm in diameter can reach 85%-90% or even higher if they are diagnosed and operated in time, while if they wait passively for observation, it may delay the treatment and affect the final outcome. Although color ultrasound can detect a small liver mass of about 1 cm, it is quite difficult to make a definite qualitative diagnosis. Therefore, it is necessary to do high-resolution spiral CT, MRI and tumor marker tests such as serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and finally an experienced physician will read the film and make a comprehensive analysis of the tests done in order to make a correct diagnosis in time. Although high-quality CT films are very important for liver cancer diagnosis, the experience of the film reviewer should not be ignored. Only an experienced specialist can detect some subtle imaging changes around the liver mass and make an accurate and effective diagnosis. Small liver cancer should be operated as early as possible For the treatment of small liver cancer, surgical resection is the only means to obtain radical cure, so once diagnosed, we should strive for early surgical treatment. According to the location of the tumor and the patient’s condition, surgical methods such as local resection, segmental resection and lobectomy can be adopted. For patients who cannot be removed surgically, hepatic artery embolization chemotherapy, anhydrous alcohol injection, microwave therapy and radiofrequency therapy can be used to achieve certain results. In recent years, liver transplantation has also been applied in the treatment of small liver cancer and achieved good results. However, due to the shortage of donor and high cost, its application is somewhat limited. Special tips: 1. Do not panic if small liver masses are found in ultrasound examination, but do not wait passively. 2. Liver cancer is not a terminal disease and surgery is not as terrible as people think.