HBV prophylaxis in term newborns (Table 2) shows that when pregnant women are HBsAg negative, newborns are vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine according to the “3-dose vaccination program at 0, 1, and 6 months of age”, regardless of HBV-related antibodies, and do not need to be treated with HBIG. As long as the pregnant woman is positive for HBsAg, the newborn must be treated with HBIG and receive hepatitis B vaccine (0, 1, 6 months 3-dose program). HBIG should be injected intramuscularly within 12 h after birth (theoretically, the earlier, the better), and the protective anti-HBs produced by HBIG can be effective in 15-30 min, and it can be maintained for 42-63 d. There is no need for re-injection of HBIG. If the pregnant woman is not screened for HBsAg during pregnancy or the result of HBeAg is not known, the newborn should be given HBIG injection if possible. For HBsAg and HBeAg positive pregnant women, the protection rate of newborns is 85%~95%; if only hepatitis B vaccine is applied without HBIG, the overall protection rate is only 55%~85%.