1.Pulmonary diseases: surgical treatment of benign and malignant lung tumors, pulmonary alveoli, pneumothorax, emphysema, tracheobronchial tumors, bronchiectasis, tuberculosis, pleural effusion, various pleurisy, acute and chronic abscess, lung abscess, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and various congenital lung diseases (pulmonary isolation, congenital bronchial cyst, congenital lobar emphysema, congenital cystic adenoma-like malformation of the lung); 2. 2. esophageal cardia diseases: esophageal cardia cancer, esophageal smooth muscle tumor, esophageal hiatal hernia, esophageal cyst, cardia incontinence, esophageal reflux disease, esophageal diverticulum, etc.; 3. mediastinal diseases: various mediastinal diseases such as thymic tumor, thymic cyst, teratoma, neurogenic tumor, retrosternal goiter, mediastinal cyst, mediastinitis, etc.; 4. chest wall diseases: including thoracic muscle, sternum, rib cage and pleural lesions 4, chest wall diseases: including chest muscle, sternum, rib and pleural lesions, such as chest wall tumor, chest wall deformity (chicken chest, funnel chest, etc.), pleural mesothelioma, etc.; 5, chest trauma: rib fracture, shackle chest, hemopneumothorax, pulmonary contusion, heart and vascular injury, etc.; 6, diaphragm diseases: such as diaphragm tumor, congenital diaphragm expansion, traumatic diaphragmatic hernia, etc.; 7, some heart or pericardial diseases: such as patent ductus arteriosus, constrictive pericarditis, pericardial cyst, pericardial tumor, etc.