According to WHO survey, 15% of couples of reproductive age have infertility problems, while the incidence of recurrent spontaneous abortion accounts for 15-20% of pregnant women. The proportion of infertility and recurrent miscarriages is on the rise significantly due to factors such as environmental pollution, work pressure and diseases. In addition to examining women for abnormalities of the reproductive system, chromosomes, viral infections, immune factors and other abnormalities, we should also find out whether there are any abnormalities in the quality of semen in male patients. In addition to general tests such as semen routine and morphological examination, sperm nucleoprotein staining and DNA fragmentation analysis are also indispensable tests. During the process of spermatogenesis, the content of DNA in the nucleus of spermatogenic cells at all levels changes regularly, and the nucleoproteins bound to nuclear DNA also change, with histones gradually being replaced by ichthyospermins. The nuclear DNA of mature spermatozoa is tightly bound to ichthyosperm proteins, which are highly concentrated and suppress gene expression, keeping the genetic material stable. However, during the evolutionary maturation of spermatozoa, if they are affected by radiation, pollution, toxins, high temperature, smoking, drugs, diseases, dyes, waste or ageing, the local temperature of the testes increases and the spermatogenic environment deteriorates, which can easily cause damage to sperm DNA, resulting in increased fragmentation of sperm DNA, leading to unfertilized sperm and eggs, decreased embryo quality, and even embryo malformation and miscarriage. Therefore, it is recommended for male infertility, couples with recurrent miscarriages and eugenic couples, as well as for those whose work environment is accompanied by abnormalities such as high temperatures (electrical welding, chefs, etc.), radiation, dyes, waste, toxic contamination, etc., that the male partner undergoes sperm DNA fragmentation and nuclear protein staining tests.