The thyroid gland is located on both sides of the larynx and upper trachea and consists of two lateral lobes and an isthmus, which connects the two lobes and spans the upper trachea in an “H” shape. Under normal circumstances, the thyroid gland cannot be felt in the neck. The thyroid is the largest endocrine organ in the body and is the only endocrine gland that stores its products outside the cells. The thyroid gland is necessary to maintain normal human development. The thyroid gland is located on both sides of the larynx and upper trachea and consists of two lateral lobes and an isthmus, which connects the two lobes and spans the upper trachea in an “H” shape. Under normal circumstances, the thyroid gland cannot be felt in the neck. The thyroid is the largest endocrine organ in the body and is the only endocrine gland that stores its products outside the cells. The thyroid gland is necessary for maintaining normal human development. It regulates the metabolic activities and growth and development of all tissues and organs of the body with the help of thyroxine. Thyroid tumor is a chronic lesion in the neck, usually in the anterior part of the neck, shaped like a walnut, with a hard texture, and can move up and down with swallowing. It is hard and can move up and down with swallowing. At the beginning of the disease, there is no obvious symptom, no pain or itch, and it does not affect speech or eating. Therefore, it is usually discovered when people have a physical examination. However, some of them can enlarge rapidly for a short period of time, and the neck becomes thicker. Further development can affect breathing, and a few can develop hoarseness or difficulty in swallowing. In addition, it can be secondary to hyperthyroidism and can also become malignant. 1. Medical history should pay attention to the time of tumor discovery, initial site and growth rate, whether there are symptoms such as tracheal and esophageal pressure, cough and hoarseness, whether there is hyperthyroidism, whether there are head and neck radiation treatment officials and family history. Pay attention to the tumor located in one lobe or the whole thyroid gland, and accurately record its size, shape, mobility, hardness and degree of up and down movement when swallowing. Check the relationship between the tumor and adjacent tissues and organs (such as clavicle, carotid artery, esophagus, trachea, larynx, etc.) in detail. Check whether there is enlargement of cervical lymph nodes, and note in detail their number, location, nature and mobility. 3. If necessary, cervical and chest X-ray should be performed to observe the position, direction and degree of displacement of larynx and trachea, and to determine whether the tumor has extended to the posterior sternum and lung metastasis. 4.If it is not easy to confirm the diagnosis, the following tests can be done: ultrasound, CT, thyroid nuclear scan; measurement of serum anti-thyroglobulin antibody, anti-thyroid microsomal antibody, immunoglobulin, T3, T4, thyroglobulin (Tg), TSH, etc. 5. Check blood sedimentation, blood calcium, urine calcium, calcitonin, etc. if necessary. 6. Pay attention to the differentiation of malignant tumor from chronic thyroiditis and nodular goiter, etc., and perform fine needle aspiration cytology or surgical biopsy if necessary.