Chronic hepatitis B is a curable disease, hepatoprotection and anti-inflammatory have a role to play, but the most important is the antiviral treatment, antiviral treatment must be used only when the antiviral indications are met, abuse will lead to the occurrence of drug-resistance, but also aggravate the economic burden of patients. Inadequate treatment can also lead to the possible evolution of chronic hepatitis B into liver fibrosis, cirrhosis and liver cancer. Antiviral treatment must be regular and sufficient. At present, there are only two internationally recognized drugs: interferon and nucleoside analogues, interferon treatment course is generally half a year, intramuscular injection, inconvenient, some patients may have fever and various mental disorders, nucleoside analogues such as tibivudine (Sobuvoxin), lamivudine, etc., due to the convenience of oral intake, rapid onset of action and easy to be accepted by the patients, but need to be long-term drug, at least 2 years or longer. If you can not adhere to the medication or just stop taking it, it may cause the virus to rebound, aggravate the condition, and even lead to liver failure and death. Therefore, patients should not believe in false advertisements and charlatans, do not abuse Chinese herbal medicines, do not increase or decrease the medication without authorization, and do not stop the medication blindly according to their own feelings and knowledge. Discontinuation of medication should be carried out under the guidance of specialists, with close and long-term follow-up, and only after reaching the specified clinical and laboratory indicators. Investigation shows that poor lifestyle plays an important role in the occurrence and development of chronic hepatitis B. Patients with liver disease should gradually correct their poor lifestyle: such as drinking, smoking, not exercising, playing mahjong or cards for a long period of time, which leads to severe rest deficiency and aggravates liver damage. Making liver disease patients realize the need for reasonable rest arrangements, combining work and rest, strengthening nutrition, low-salt, low-fat and high-vitamin diet, enjoying life and remaining optimistic are important measures to facilitate antiviral drug treatment and to promote the recovery of liver function as soon as possible. Encouragement and support from family members and friends can help patients to follow up regular treatment, improve their bad lifestyle, be optimistic and strong to fight against the disease for a long time, and finally gain the initiative to control the disease. In addition, the inability of many patients to afford expensive long-term antiviral treatment is also a major factor leading to the poor adherence of some hepatitis B patients. Doctors should also start from cost-effectiveness and choose the best treatment plan within the patient’s affordability to maximize the control of the patient’s disease progression so that more low-income patients can receive standardized treatment. In addition, in order to reduce the new infection rate and prevalence of hepatitis B in China, it is also extremely important to emphasize the screening of family members of chronic hepatitis B patients for hepatitis B surface antigen HBsAg, increase the prenatal hepatitis B screening rate of pregnant women, formally incorporate the hepatitis B vaccine into the management of programmed immunization, and substantially increase the coverage rate of hepatitis B vaccination for newborns and high-risk groups.