Childhood autism, also known as autism in children, is a childhood mental illness that seriously affects the social function of children with autism and places a heavy burden on their families and society. According to the results of the Second National Sample Survey of Persons with Disabilities, children with mental disabilities aged 0-6 years account for 1.10‰ of the total number of children aged 0-6 years in China, or about 111,000, of whom 36.9%, or about 41,000, are mentally disabled due to autism. Early identification and long-term systematic intervention for children with autism during the period of greatest developmental plasticity (generally before the age of 6) can maximize the prognosis for children with autism. So how can autism be identified early? First of all, let’s look at a case of autism. The child is 4 years old and can only call “dad” and “mom” at the age of 2. After that, he stops developing speech, does not listen to adults, has poor listening skills, seldom speaks, and often takes the hand of adults to get things. After walking, he does not play with children, and even if children take the initiative to play with him, he ignores them. The child likes to watch commercials and listen to songs, but is not interested in the cartoons that children generally like to watch. The child likes to look at the wheels of a car and often plays with them, but does not play house with his family. If the child did not follow the fixed route, the child would throw a tantrum. The diagnosis of autism was made after no abnormalities were found on physical examination and many tests such as EEG, cranial CT, and chromosomes were not abnormal. Autism usually starts before the age of 3, and is characterized by social interaction disorders, communication disorders and stereotyped, repetitive behaviors. Autism is easily misdiagnosed by parents as the following problems: 1. Receptive and expressive language development disorder: This is a specific developmental disorder in which the child’s ability to understand language is lower than that of children of the same age, and the ability to express language is also impaired. These children may have some behavioral manifestations of autism before the age of 5, such as social interaction disorder, but lack the sensory hypersensitivity or numbness characteristic of autistic children, and they can use gestures and expressions to interact with others and play imaginative games, which autistic children lack. 2. Selective muteness: Children with autism are selective in their speech, refusing to speak in social situations, interacting with others by gestures, nodding and shaking their heads or using single words, and understanding the words of others. Children with autism can talk normally with their families at home, while children with autism have language abnormalities in all settings. Therefore, early recognition of autism is the key to early treatment. If a child shows the following abnormalities before the age of 3, he or she should be promptly seen in the hospital to rule out autism 1. multiple nonverbal behaviors that regulate social interactions, such as significant impairments in eye-to-eye, facial expressions, body posture, and use of gestures; 2. inability to establish peer relationships commensurate with developmental level; 3. inability to spontaneously seek to share pleasures, pleasures, or achievements with others; 4. lack of social interaction or emotional communication with others 5. delayed or complete lack of oral language development, not accompanied by attempts to communicate in other 6. the ability to initiate or maintain conversations with others is significantly impaired in individuals with adequate verbal skills; 7. stereotyped repetition of some speech or distinctive speech; 8. lack of a variety of spontaneous pretend play or imitation of social play appropriate to developmental level; 9. full attention to one or more stereotyped and limited interest patterns, with abnormal intensity or concentration of interest; 10. 10. obstinate adherence to particular, nonfunctional routines or rituals; 11. stereotyped and repetitive gestures such as flapping, rubbing hands or fingers, or complex movements involving the whole body; 12. persistent preoccupation with certain parts of objects. The treatment of autism in children is based on educational interventions, supplemented by medication. Parents can conduct a turn-test teaching method to train the affected child. In order to motivate the child to respond correctly and in a timely manner, cues, including hand-holding, verbal cues, gestures and demonstrations, can be used to facilitate the child’s completion of the instruction, which requires repeated practice. This approach emphasizes that any behavior change is linked to its own outcome. If a child calls “mommy” and the mother smiles happily and hugs him immediately, the child may call mommy more often. Parents can also train the child by exchanging pictures for communication. Parents prepare several pictures for the child and exchange them for physical objects when the child needs them. communication behavior.