How are patients with primary liver cancer treated?

I. Surgery Surgical treatment is still the first choice for the treatment of liver cancer. In recent years, due to the early diagnosis of liver cancer, localized diagnosis, tumor biology and several updated concepts of liver cancer surgery, the effect of liver cancer surgical treatment has been significantly improved. Mainly include the following: 1.Intraoperative hepatic artery portal vein chemotherapy and ligation; 2.Intraoperative drug injection pump infusion chemotherapy; 3.Intraoperative microwave radiation therapy; 4.Intraoperative cryotherapy; 5.Intraoperative electrochemical therapy; 6.Triamcinolone plus liver perfusion chemotherapy; 7.Sequential treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. With the progress of research in radiation physics and radiation physiology in recent years, radiotherapy equipment has been advanced, such as cobalt 60 gamma rays or X-ray of electron linear gas pedal and high-energy rays, etc. The irradiation method and scope of liver cancer have also been improved, from the original whole liver irradiation – local irradiation – whole liver mobile irradiation -The effect of radiotherapy for liver cancer has been significantly improved and the side effects have been reduced to the lowest level. It mainly includes external radiation therapy and internal radiation therapy. Chemotherapy 95% of liver cancer patients have lost the chance of surgery at the time of diagnosis, and most of them still depend on chemotherapy. In the past, chemotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma was not highly evaluated, especially the efficacy of systemic administration was very low. In recent years, the route of chemotherapy administration has been changed, and hepatic artery chemotherapy and embolization have been performed, so that the chemotherapy effect of hepatocellular carcinoma has been significantly improved. At present, it is considered that intubation chemotherapy is better than systemic combination chemotherapy and combination chemotherapy is better than single drug chemotherapy. Hepatic artery cannulation chemotherapy is considered to be the best treatment for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who are not suitable for surgical treatment. Interventional radiological treatment Interventional radiological techniques of percutaneous super-selective hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy and embolization, which emerged in the 1980s and developed rapidly, play a crucial role. Whether it is early limited hepatocellular carcinoma or middle or late stage hepatocellular carcinoma, this interventional radiology technique is a decisive treatment method and essential. Immunotherapy China has tried BCG vaccine, small rod-shaped bacillus, levamisole, tumor vaccine, embryonic cells, thymidine, transfer factor, immune ribonucleic acid, etc., but none of them has achieved obvious efficacy. In recent years, interferon, interleukin-II and lymphokine-activated killer cells have been used more frequently, which can improve the therapeutic effect of hepatocellular carcinoma to different degrees alone or in combination with other therapies. In recent years, there have been many clinical reports on the treatment of liver cancer by anhydrous alcohol injection under the guidance of B-ultrasound. This therapy has more obvious effect in shrinking lesions, controlling and delaying tumor growth. Since this therapy does not require special conditions, is simple to operate, has few complications, is less painful to patients and is less expensive, it is very common to be used clinically for primary liver cancer and primary liver cancer atlas. Laser photodynamic therapy Local laser irradiation and simultaneous injection of chemotherapeutic drugs for liver cancer under ultrasound guidance has achieved better results. VIII. Ultrasound-guided microwave coagulation therapy This therapy is applicable to small hepatocellular carcinoma.