Oral cancer is a general term for malignant tumors occurring in the oral and maxillofacial region, and is one of the more common malignant tumors of the head and neck, most of which are squamous cell carcinomas. Broadly speaking, oral cancer refers to cancers occurring below the orbit and above the neck, including maxillary sinus and salivary gland. Oral cancer in a narrow sense includes all tissues in the oral cavity, including cancers of the tongue, floor of the mouth, lips, gums, palate, upper and lower jaws, etc. In China, the high incidence age of oral squamous cancer is 40-60 years old, and the incidence rate of men is higher than that of women, among which gum cancer, tongue cancer, cheek cancer, palate cancer and maxillary sinus cancer are common. Oral cancer accounts for 1.45-5.6% of systemic malignant tumors north of Yangtze River and 1.75-5.18% south of Yangtze River in China. The etiology of oral cancer is complex, and genetic, immune and nutritional factors are all related to the occurrence of the disease. Poor oral hygiene, adverse stimulation in the mouth, long-term smoking, alcohol abuse and betel nut chewing can greatly increase the risk of oral cancer. Early symptoms of oral cancer generally have three main symptoms, including persistent local non-healing stubborn ulcers, exophytic lumps and obvious local infiltrative lumps. If the above symptoms are detected, a specialist should be consulted as soon as possible, and a local histopathological biopsy is usually required to confirm the diagnosis. The treatment of oral cancer is generally a comprehensive treatment based on surgery. For early stage oral cancer, good therapeutic effect can be obtained simply by surgical expansion of resection. For intermediate and advanced oral cancer, generally after surgery, it is necessary to combine with necessary radiotherapy, chemotherapy and some patients can also try to use targeted drugs and immunotherapy according to specific conditions. Statistics in the past decades show that the overall five-year survival rate of oral cancer is around 60%.