What about spinal fractures in the elderly – conservative bed rest, open internal fixation or minimally invasive treatment? According to the World Health Organization, osteoporosis is second only to cardiovascular disease as a threat to health, and osteoporotic fractures, which occur in about 30-40% of women and 13.1% of men over the course of their lives. In China, one in eight men and one in five women over the age of sixty-five suffer a vertebral fracture. Patients often fall or carry heavy objects, resulting in vertebral fractures, causing severe back pain and mobility difficulties. In the past, the treatment for osteoporosis patients with vertebral compression fractures was based on bed rest, pain medication or conservative treatment such as back bracing, and most of the treatments took weeks or even months, but some still could not achieve satisfactory results. This can lead to more serious osteoporotic fractures. If the fracture is combined with nerve compression symptoms, such as lower limb soreness, numbness, pain or weakness, then open surgery for nerve decompression or combined with internal spinal fixation is considered. However, because most of the patients have osteoporosis, the effect of internal fixation is not good. The general anesthesia for internal fixation surgery is more dangerous and the expensive orthopedic materials add to the burden of health insurance. Artificial cement percutaneous vertebroplasty is a new treatment method used to treat these diseases, which was pioneered by Herve Derramond in France in 1987 and started to be used for vertebral compression fractures in the United States in the 1990s; in China, it has been widely used in patients with vertebral compression fractures due to osteoporosis in the past few years. Other spinal pain and instability caused by primary or metastatic vertebral tumors can also be treated with this method. After local anesthesia, a bone needle is inserted through the skin of the back into the fractured and collapsed vertebral body, and the patient’s pain is quickly relieved by the precise injection of bone cement through X-ray guidance and positioning. The usual treatment time is about one hour. After the surgery, only the puncture holes are made and the wound does not need to be closed. After the cement hardens, the patient can lie down and return to the ward to rest. The success rate of the operation is high, complications are low, and pain medication can be reduced after the operation. Possible complications of the procedure, such as cement leakage, are mostly minor and harmless, and others, such as wound infection and cement allergy, are quite rare. Artificial cement percutaneous vertebroplasty is a safe, simple and effective treatment for patients with severe back pain caused by osteoporosis combined with compression vertebral fractures, which eliminates the need for prolonged bed rest, reduces complications and greatly improves quality of life, and eliminates the risk of traditional surgery for internal fixation of the vertebral body. However, this procedure does not mean that the problem of osteoporosis has been solved. Patients must still receive appropriate medication and rehabilitation to strengthen their bone density and strength in order to prevent the occurrence of spinal fractures.