Are there different surgical approaches for patients with different grades of glioma? Surgical resection is fundamental to the treatment of gliomas. For primary high-grade (WHO grade III-IV) or low-grade (WHO grade II) malignant gliomas that are confined to the lobes of the brain, maximum safe resection of the tumor should be sought. Gliomas usually show swelling and infiltrative growth, but are easily restricted locally by the cerebral sulcus and gyrus and tend to expand along the white matter fiber tracts. Based on the swelling and infiltrative growth pattern of glioma and the characteristics of blood supply, it is recommended to use micro-neurosurgery technique to make anatomical resection along the white matter fiber bundle of the tumor edge with the cerebral sulcus and gyrus as the boundary, so as to obtain maximum tumor resection with minimal tissue and neurological function damage. Expanded resection is required for non-functional areas, and larger expanded resection for high-grade glioma. For tumors in functional areas, the patient’s appeal can be respected, and functional image navigation, electrophysiological detection, intraoperative arousal, fluorescence contrast and other techniques can be applied to ensure the maximum extent of tumor resection under safe conditions.