The elderly are prone to lumbar spine fractures, most of which are osteoporotic fractures, so they need to know about this aspect of health so that they can choose a scientific and reasonable treatment method on their own in case of occurrence. 1.How to determine the occurrence of “osteoporotic fracture of lumbar spine” Elderly people without bone tumor or other underlying diseases can be classified as osteoporotic fracture if the fracture is caused by minor violence (fall at home, minor collision). Microfractures”, which are mainly in the lumbar vertebrae, can occur with slight force in daily life and cannot be seen on ordinary X-rays or even CT examinations, and are easily overlooked or misdiagnosed as soft tissue injuries. Sometimes only MRI examination can find edema and other changes in the vertebral body and indirectly determine the existence of “microfracture”. 2.Treatment of osteoporotic fracture of lumbar spine If osteoporosis or osteoporotic fracture of lumbar spine has no clinical symptoms or only manifests as pain in the lumbar region, drug treatment can be used. Some drugs can effectively relieve pain while treating osteoporosis, including some Chinese medicinal preparations developed by our country itself, which have achieved better efficacy after clinical application. Research and development in this field is very active, and drugs with fewer and more effective side effects are constantly being introduced and used in clinical practice. For example, salmon calcitonin, bisphosphonates (Fosamax), triphosphonates (Forteo), active vitamin D (Rogaine), opioid and non-opioid analgesics. For osteoporosis or osteoporotic fractures manifested by low back pain, most patients are able to control their symptoms better with pharmacological treatment. However, for a small number of patients with lumbar spine fractures, severe lordosis, and lumbar nerve compression injury, which causes pain and numbness in the legs, the treatment is a great challenge. For this injury, it was thought that “damned if you do operation or if you don’t do”. After trying a variety of treatments, it is now believed that a “multi-segmental arch nail fixation with DD for even stress distribution” is more effective. The procedure requires adequate decompression, osteotomy and orthopedics followed by the use of up to eight pedicle nails to fix two vertebrae above and below the injured spine. The good news is that most patients with osteoporotic fractures do not have as much nerve damage and rarely require such major surgery, and most patients can achieve better results with simple medication. Therefore, we hope that patients with osteoporosis will pay attention to early prevention and treatment to avoid the disease. In addition, the method of injecting bone cement into the vertebral body (vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty), which was very popular in the previous years, now pays more attention to the strict control of indications. This is mainly due to: the risk of bone cement leakage and the risk of re-fracture of other vertebrae with osteoporosis, etc. In contrast, the technique is mainly used in Europe and the United States for the treatment of intractable low back pain (osteoporotic or oncologic), i.e. symptomatic pain relief. The misuse of this technique has led to a series of problems, as some patients have been injected with bone cement in one vertebra and then have fractures in other vertebrae, so that two, three, or more vertebrae have been injected with bone cement, and a new medical term “vertebrolithiasis” is used to describe this type of vertebral body A new medical term, vertebrolithiasis, is used to describe this medically induced condition in which the cement in the vertebral body becomes lodged but does not control the symptoms of osteoporosis. Unlike kidney stones and gallbladder stones that develop on their own, vertebrolithiasis is the result of overmedication, i.e., of medical origin. After the elderly have acquired some scientific knowledge of osteoporotic fractures, they can be more proactive in choosing the right treatment for themselves, and this kind of “vertebral stones” of medical origin can be avoided. In conclusion, for osteoporotic fractures of the lumbar vertebrae, the first choice is the simplest and most effective medication for osteoporosis and lumbar pain; surgical decompression and fixation should be considered only when severe fractures compress nerves and cause leg pain.