Hepatitis, cirrhosis and liver cancer are highly prevalent in our country. Primary liver cancer occupies the third place among male malignant tumors in China. The radical treatment of liver cancer is also a common concern of the medical community and patients, and with the advancement of science and technology, more methods are available for the treatment of liver cancer. Radiofrequency thermal ablation has been used for the treatment of primary liver cancer for ten years, and this technology has been widely used in the clinical treatment and research of liver tumors, and has become a more mature technology for the clinical treatment of liver cancer. Radiofrequency thermal ablation is a minimally invasive in situ tumor treatment technique, which is based on the positioning and guidance of electrode needles inserted directly into the tumor with the help of ultrasound or CT imaging technology, which generates high temperature in the local tissues of the lesion through radiofrequency energy, dries and finally coagulates and inactivates soft tissues and tumors. The principle is that when the electron generator generates radiofrequency current, the electrode needle causes high speed ion vibration and friction in the surrounding tissues, which is then converted into heat energy and transmitted outward with time, thus causing local tissue thermal coagulation and necrosis and denaturation. The present technique of radiofrequency ablation using a single electrode needle can produce coagulation necrosis foci up to 5 cm in diameter. In clinical observation, the treatment of liver tumors with radiofrequency ablation has excellent results, and the survival rates at 1, 2, 3 and 5 years after treatment are reported to be 94%, 86%, 68% and 40%, respectively, in the treatment of patients with primary liver cancer, and this effect is similar to that of radical surgical resection. At the same time, it has achieved the goal of minimally invasive and radical treatment of liver cancer. Nowadays, there are some changes and controversies in the medical field due to the development of liver radiofrequency treatment for some patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma or patients with very severe cirrhosis, but the choice of radiofrequency ablation treatment for these patients is becoming more and more obvious in clinical treatment. Meanwhile, compared with the alcohol injection method, which is the same modality of radiofrequency ablation, clinical results show that radiofrequency ablation achieves a complete tumor necrosis rate of 90% compared with 80% for the alcohol injection method; the average cycle per tumor requires 1.2 for radiofrequency ablation compared with 4.8 for the alcohol injection method. In comparison, the treatment effect of radiofrequency ablation is better than that of alcohol injection method.