Molluscum contagiosum is an acute inflammation of the lid glands caused by bacterial (usually staphylococcal) infection and is divided into external and internal molluscum depending on the location of the affected gland. Ectromelanoma is an infection of the sebaceous gland (Zeiss gland), which is part of the eyelash follicle, and is commonly referred to as a “needle’s eye”. It starts with a gradual increase in itchiness, edema and congestion of the eyelid, swelling and pressure pain, and a hard nodule that can be palpated near the lid margin. The pain is particularly pronounced in the outer canthus, the lateral bulbar conjunctiva is edematous, and the lymph nodes in front of the ear are enlarged and painful. After a few days, the nodules gradually soften and a yellow pus head is found at the base of the eyelashes. Once the pus has penetrated the skin and drained outward, the redness and swelling rapidly subside and the pain is relieved. Internal mydriasis is an acute purulent inflammation of the lid gland. Because the lid gland is surrounded by firm facial tissue and the lesion is deep, the eyelid redness and swelling are not very pronounced. After suppuration of the gland, grayish-yellow pus heads can be seen faintly on the congested conjunctival surface, mostly breaking through the barrier between the lid and conjunctiva and flowing into the conjunctival sac, or draining from the opening of the lid gland, individually penetrating the skin. The redness and swelling subside as soon as the pus is drained. If the causative organism is highly virulent, the inflammation spreads and invades the entire lid before the pus penetrates outward to form an eyelid abscess. Chalazion is a common eye disease that occurs in children and is usually a fatty granulomatous inflammatory disease caused by blockage of the lid outlet on the outside of the eyelid, resulting in glandular secretions that remain in the lid and cause chronic irritation of the surrounding tissues. In the early stages of the disease, hard nodules the size of soybeans or mung beans can be felt on the skin above and below the eyelid with no obvious painful symptoms. Many parents of children with chalazion are worried that surgery will affect their studies, or even that the disease will slowly get better, resulting in aggravation of the condition. Experts pointed out that the surgical treatment of chalazion only needs to be carried out under local anesthesia, the operation is simple, less painful, and can generally return to normal after 24 hours. Therefore, parents of children should pay early attention to early detection and early treatment, do not delay the treatment opportunity.