Chalazion, also known as a lid cyst, is an obstruction of the lid gland opening that irritates the tissue surrounding the gland, causing a chronic inflammatory response that gradually forms a raised lump. Although both upper and lower eyelids can be involved, the upper eyelid is more likely to be affected, manifesting as an elevation of the skin on the eyelid surface and a hard lump that can be felt under the skin. The lump varies in size from large as a cherry to small as a green bean and is not adherent to the skin and is not painful when pressed. When the eyelid is turned up, a purplish granuloma can be seen protruding from the corresponding part of the conjunctival surface. Some have a short duration, disappearing after a few days, like a “flash in the pan”; others have a longer duration, persisting for weeks or months. Some of them disappear on their own or are cured by treatment, and then grow new lumps, with the momentum of “coming and going”. The diagnosis of chalazion is relatively simple. If a small lump is born on the lid gland, has a long duration, is not red or painful, has clear borders, and is not attached to the skin, the diagnosis can be confirmed nine times out of ten. What should I do if I have a chalazion? Early lumps are small, most of them can be absorbed and disappear on their own, no special treatment is needed, or local hot compresses can be applied to speed up its absorption. For those with chronic inflammation, 0.5% gentamycin eye ointment can be applied. If it persists for six weeks and does not subside, it may be advisable to use a scalpel. Under local anesthesia, the doctor makes a small incision in the lid conjunctiva and scoops out the contents, which usually heals in 1 to 2 days. Then again, mydriasis. There are two glands in the eyelid, the sebaceous gland and the lid gland. When these glands become infected with bacteria (such as Staphylococcus aureus), they cause acute inflammation, collectively known as mydriasis. If the sebaceous gland is infected, it is known as an “eye of the needle,” as Grandma Wang called it, and is medically referred to as an external wheals. It starts out itchy and gradually gets worse, and the eyelids become edematous and congested, with swelling and pressure pain. The pain is especially pronounced in wheals that occur near the outer corner of the eye, with edema of the conjunctiva and swollen and painful lymph nodes in front of the ear. Once the pus has penetrated the skin, the redness and swelling rapidly subside and the pain is relieved. If the lid gland is affected, it is called an internal mydriasis. Because the lid gland is wrapped in firm lid tissue and the lesion is deeper, the redness and swelling of the eyelid is not as pronounced as in external wheals. When the gland becomes septic, grayish-yellow pus spots can be seen faintly on the inner surface of the congested eyelid. When the spots break down, most of the pus flows into the conjunctival sac inside the eye, and a few may penetrate the skin outward. Why is a child susceptible to wheals? The eyelids of healthy people have enough defense against outside germs, but children are young and ignorant and often rub their eyes with dirty hands, which brings bacteria into the eyelids. In addition, poor nutrition or a systemic disease that reduces the child’s resistance also creates conditions for bacteria to attack the eyelids. The treatment of mydriasis should be both early and scientific, and the following rules should be followed: 1. In the early stages of mydriasis or when an abscess has not yet formed, local wet and hot compresses can be applied 3 to 4 times a day for 20 minutes each time. Hot compresses can accelerate the blood circulation in the eye, reduce swelling and pain, and the lighter inflammation can even dissipate because of it. Also, decide whether to use antibacterial drugs according to the presence or absence of systemic symptoms (such as fever, etc.). 2, once the pus point appears, ask the doctor to cut open and drain the pus in time, do not wait for it to break down by itself. This is because mydriasis, especially external mydriasis, can cause eyelid deformation, ectropion, and incomplete closure of the upper and lower lid fissures due to scar contraction if the pus is allowed to break down and drain on its own. Parents should not become doctors themselves and squeeze the pus by hand to drain the pus. This is because the eyelid is rich in blood vessels and is connected to the cranial cavernous sinus through the orbit and intraocular blood vessels, so squeezing the pus point can spread the inflammation and cause a series of chain inflammatory reactions such as orbital cellulitis, meningitis, and sepsis, which can be life-threatening. This can lead to a series of life-threatening inflammatory reactions such as orbital cellulitis, meningitis and sepsis. The wise thing to do is to have the doctor perform surgery to cut open the pus spot and drain the pus. 4, reasonable use of eye medicine. Commonly use 0.25% chloramphenicol eye drops to spot the eyes. If the discharge is more, you can switch to rifampicin eye drops. After the child goes to sleep, apply chlortetracycline eye ointment instead. 5, appropriate supplement vitamin A and C, eat more fruits and vegetables, eat less or temporarily do not eat irritating food, help the inflammation recovery. Finally, remind parents of three points: 1. At the beginning of the disease, chalazion is quite similar to wheals, such as swelling of the eyelids, the appearance of pain or eye discomfort. But after a few days, they become distinct: the above symptoms of chalazion disappear, leaving only a round, painless lump in the eyelid, which can grow slowly; the inflammation of wheals worsens, the pain increases, and the redness is obvious. If parents are confused, they should seek help from their doctor. 2, chalazion may sometimes “add insult to injury”, suffer bacterial infection, chalazion once infected, its symptoms, signs and symptoms will be similar to wheat granuloma. 3, chalazion secondary infection, should be dealt with according to the wheals, after the inflammation subsides, it is best to do surgery to remove, in order to completely solve the problem.