We often encounter children with chalazion in the clinic, and the most common question from parents is: “Doctor, my child has a “pick” and it hasn’t healed for a month, what should I do?” In the face of this most common disease in pediatric ophthalmology clinics, let me answer parents’ questions one by one. I. What is chalazion? Chalazion, also known as a chalazion cyst, is a sterile granulomatous inflammation of the lid gland. What is the lid gland? The upper and lower eyelids (commonly known as the eyelids) have many glands that secrete lipids to protect the tears of the eyes from drying out. When the lid glands become inflamed, they prevent the secretion of lipids, resulting in a buildup of lipids and inflammation of the adjacent tissues under pressure. The chalazion often has pus, stones or rotten flesh like granulation tissue. Second, why does chalazion appear? Parents in Guangdong often think that their children are “on fire”. In fact, chalazion can occur for a variety of reasons, but ultimately it is a blockage of the lid gland. Common causes include chronic conjunctivitis (chronic allergic conjunctivitis is often combined with chalazion in children), blepharitis, sebaceous glands, or vitamin A deficiency causing glandular epithelial keratinization that blocks the ducts. Therefore, children who love meat, do not love vegetables, picky eaters, children who love sweets more, and children whose diet is too greasy have more morbidity. What’s the difference between chalazion and needle picking? This is an acute form of blepharitis, which is characterized by redness, swelling, heat and pain. Chalazion, on the other hand, is a chronic inflammatory condition that is usually painless and not particularly uncomfortable for children unless it is co-infected. How is chalazion treated? This is the most important issue for parents. In general, early detection of hot compresses, combined with inflammation, most of the anti-inflammatory treatment will be self-healing; if not self-healing, or the cyst breaks into the skin surface to affect the appearance may lead to obvious scarring, or the formation of granulation need surgery. Parents often hesitate to operate when their children are advised to do so, but in fact it is only necessary when the cyst is too large to be absorbed, so parents should also be reminded to take care of their children to seek medical attention in a timely manner so as not to delay the condition. V. Why does chalazion recur? Some children have surgery and relapse after a while, why? Often children who have surgery have multiple chalazia, and after the surgery the lesions are removed there is also scar formation, so the job of the remaining lid gland increases, and if no attention is paid to preventing conjunctival inflammation, no change in diet, and no conscious attention to eye health there may be a recurrence.