Etiology The etiology and pathogenesis of primary liver cancer have not yet been determined. In recent years, research has focused on hepatitis B and C viruses, aflatoxins and other chemical carcinogens. The specific factors include: 1) viral hepatitis; 2) cirrhosis; 3) aflatoxins; 4) other chemical carcinogenic factors, such as nitrosamines and azobenzenes; 5) parasitic infections, such as the parasitic intrahepatic small bile ducts of Chinese branching testes; 6) other pathogenic factors, such as: 1) genetic factors, liver cancer can sometimes appear in family aggregation; 2) trace elements Copper and zinc are higher, while molybdenum is lower. The relationship between trace elements copper, zinc and liver cancer is noteworthy; ③ malnutrition and nutritional deficiency, high fat and pickled and smoked foods are most closely related to the occurrence of tumor, high fat diet, hypoproteinemia, methionine and choline deficiency. Prevention 1, the water. Mainly to change stagnant water into living water, from drinking pond water, house ditch water to drinking well water, deep well water and tap water, use activated carbon water purifier. 2.Anti-mold. Mainly including the prevention of mold and mildew of corn, peanuts and the treatment of moldy grain. 3.Hepatitis prevention. Preventive hepatitis B vaccination. Diagnosis 1, medical history and physical examination. 2, detailed medical history, including family history, history of tobacco and alcohol, history of chronic hepatitis B, history of schistosomiasis infection, etc. 3.Any unexplained discomfort or pain in the liver area, weakness, loss of appetite and weight loss should be examined carefully.