It is well known that fatty liver is recognized as a common cause of insidious cirrhosis, but the vast majority of fatty liver can be reversed with early treatment, making early intervention particularly important. So how to stay away from fatty liver? For this reason, the reporter interviewed Professor Zhang Wei, chief physician of the Department of Hepatology at Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and asked her to give a detailed introduction on the prevention and treatment of fatty liver. Director Zhang introduced that according to the causes of fatty liver formation, clinically it is mainly divided into simple fatty liver and alcoholic fatty liver, while simple fatty liver is more common in obese fatty liver. To stay away from fatty liver must adhere to a scientific lifestyle, if steatohepatitis occurs with the four-in-one treatment of diet, exercise, psychology and drugs, it will complement each other and get twice the result with half the effort. According to Director Zhang, 20%-25% of patients with simple fatty liver will be transformed into cirrhosis after 20-40 years without treatment, and individual will be transformed into liver tumor, so prevention and treatment must be done before it is too late. When fatty liver becomes moderate or severe, because the whole function of the liver is affected, many diseases related to disorders of fat metabolism will occur, such as disorders of sugar metabolism and purine metabolism, in addition, the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases will also increase significantly. As for alcoholic fatty liver, it is closely related to alcohol consumption. Alcoholic fatty liver generally decreases slowly after about 1 month of abstinence from alcohol and treatment, and disappears after a few months in mild cases, or one to two years in severe cases, but without good treatment and conditioning, it may turn into cirrhosis in 10-15 years. Therefore, alcoholic liver disease should be prevented and treated early, and alcohol should be stopped in time to stop its development in a bad direction. The most important thing is to have a reasonable structure. Director Zhang stressed that the common fatty liver is often based on obesity, and the lack of exercise is the cause of the disease. The so-called “fat people have more phlegm” means that people with fat bodies belong to the body of phlegm and dampness. Therefore, the fatty liver patient’s diet should be light, but not to eat all vegetarian, must eat some meat dishes in moderation can choose low-fat and low oil, the most important thing is that the diet structure must be reasonable. Alcoholic fatty liver is associated with alcoholism, resulting in the loss of liver drainage, dampness and heat accumulation, blood stasis does not transform. The choice of fruits and vegetables is also a matter of concern. Fatty liver patients should eat more fresh vegetables, but hot vegetables should be avoided, including leeks and chives; moderate fruit can eat more fruits with less sugar, such as winters, grapefruits, kiwis; Director Zhang specifically mentioned that fruit eating kiwi is very good, to promote digestion, spleen and diarrhea effect. But note that kiwi is cold, so people with a cold spleen and stomach should be cautious about eating it. Secondly, bananas contain protein, so they should also be eaten in moderation. Fatty liver patients should not eat, greasy fried food, but does not mean that you can not eat meat, just pay attention to the amount of practical avoid eating hot meat, you can properly use lean pork, beef, duck meat, etc.. Note that the best way to cook using steam, boiling, braising, stewing, boiling, stewing and other methods, avoid deep-fried, fried, stir-fried methods. In terms of drinks, first of all, you must give up alcohol, do not drink high-sugar drinks, do not eat or eat less refined sugar and all kinds of desserts. When summer arrives, sweet drinks and cold drinks should be avoided. You can drink more green tea, pu-erh tea, gibberellic acid tea and lotus leaf tea, which have the effect of reducing fat and protecting the liver. But drinking tea should be careful to choose according to their own constitution. There are several things that must be restricted: mutton, dog meat, hairy crabs, animal offal, aquatic products without fish scales (snapper, eel, squid, etc.), fish eggs and other hot, cholesterol-rich foods. At the same time, patients with fatty liver should consume less than 5 grams of salt daily. The seven emotions in Chinese medicine, the liver corresponds to “anger”, and the liver is the master of drainage, so it is also important to protect the liver emotionally. Patients with fatty liver should keep their moods relaxed and not get angry or depressed too often, especially by overeating to relieve their emotions. Patients should do more emotional guidance to themselves, confide in others, and participate in group sports, which are good for the liver while relaxing the body and mind. Director Zhang also emphasized that fatty liver patients can also perform daily self-calibration, which means taking their weight every day, reviewing their diet for the day, and reflecting on whether they are keeping up with their weight loss progress. This is because excessive weight loss can also aggravate fatty liver. In addition, the best time for liver repair is between 11:00 pm and 2:00 am, when people should be asleep so that they can protect their liver more effectively. Exercise is also an important part of the prevention and treatment of fatty liver. Aerobic exercise should be mainly chosen, such as jogging, brisk walking (115 to 125 steps/minute), cycling, going up and down stairs, climbing, doing radio exercises, etc. Such exercises are more effective in lowering fat and losing weight and promoting fat loss in the liver for people with fatty liver. Intensity up to 120 beats per minute, and then adhere to 5 minutes can be. However, it is not possible to generalize, exercise should consider their own underlying disease, remember to act according to their ability. The medication is also a part of the treatment of physical examination prevention is more important for most patients with fatty liver, reasonable diet and exercise using scientific lifestyle, more important than liver medication. It is important to emphasize that for patients with steatohepatitis with elevated transaminases, liver-protective drugs must be used to stop the progression of liver disease and reduce the occurrence of cirrhosis and liver failure. However, liver-protective drugs are only one link in the treatment of fatty liver disease, a short-term intensive behavior, what patients really need is still long-term adherence to a scientific lifestyle, otherwise it is cured fatty liver will also relapse. Director Zhang suggests that ultrasound is the easiest way to detect fatty liver, but to get a definitive diagnosis or CT, especially in patients with steatohepatitis who also need to do some related laboratory tests, because fatty liver is an exclusive diagnosis, other liver diseases can also be combined with fatty liver, you can’t treat fatty liver with ultrasound or CT suggesting fatty liver, and neglect other causes of possible liver function damage, including to exclude We should not treat fatty liver on the basis of ultrasound or CT indicating fatty liver and neglect other possible causes of liver function damage, including excluding liver damage caused by viral hepatitis, autoimmune liver disease, drug-related hepatitis, metabolic diseases and connective tissue diseases. In conclusion, we can keep away from the threat of fatty liver as long as we have “reasonable diet, moderate exercise, relaxed mood, reasonable medication, and physical examination for prevention”.