Women of childbearing age with chronic hepatitis B must fully consider the patient’s future fertility before antiviral treatment, and should develop corresponding antiviral treatment plans according to the patient’s fertility needs respectively. For women of childbearing age with chronic hepatitis B who have no recent pregnancy plans, if they meet the indications for antiviral treatment of chronic hepatitis B, they should try to carry out effective antiviral treatment before pregnancy, with a view to completing antiviral treatment 6 months before pregnancy. Treatment with interferon should be preferred because its duration is relatively short and fixed, and it is less likely to relapse after successful treatment discontinuation, which will help patients to finish treatment and start preparing for pregnancy as soon as possible, but pregnancy is not advisable during treatment. Adefovir can also be chosen because interferon and adefovir are not cross-resistant with lamivudine and tebivudine. Once successful treatment has not been achieved and pregnancy is needed, pregnancy can be considered after switching to lamivudine or tebivudine treatment if necessary. Lamivudine and telbivudine have more experience in use during pregnancy and have a relatively high safety profile, and are temporarily not used in order to leave them as available drugs during pregnancy. If used prematurely, there is a risk that drug resistance may occur, resulting in no drug being available during pregnancy. Cross-resistance between entecavir and lamivudine and telbivudine is present and should not be used during pregnancy. In case of poor treatment and cross-resistance, it may lead to no drug replacement during pregnancy and should not be used before pregnancy. The use of interferon and nucleoside analogues during treatment should be noted to take reliable contraceptive measures. 2. For women of childbearing age with chronic hepatitis B who are preparing for pregnancy in the near future, treatment with lamivudine or telbivudine can be considered with full understanding of the risks and benefits associated with the drugs and weighing the pros and cons if they meet the indications for treatment. Pregnancy can be considered after 3-6 months of treatment and after achieving certain antiviral efficacy (e.g., HBV-DNA reduction and ALT normalization).