The incidence of thyroid nodules is increasing year by year. Traditional surgery has the disadvantages of high trauma, long recovery time, many postoperative complications, and affects aesthetics. Thyroid microwave and radiofrequency ablation is a new treatment method for thyroid nodules that has emerged in recent years. Because of its advantages of safety, aesthetics, small trauma and fast recovery, it is rapidly carried out at home and abroad and has received a warm welcome from the majority of patients! Working principle: Microwave intervention refers to the use of equipment with a frequency of 900 MHZ (including 900 MHZ) to cause the destruction of tumor tissue by electromagnetic methods, in microwave ablation mainly relies on the rotation of dipole molecules to generate heat, water molecules are dipole molecules and have an unbalanced charge distribution, in the microwave oscillating electric field through the violent movement of water molecules friction heat generation and lead to cell coagulation necrosis, the current microwave Microwave ablation mainly uses two frequencies: 915MHZ and 2450MHZ; Microwave intervention process: The process of coagulation and inactivation of tumor is the high speed movement of polar molecules in the tissue under the action of microwave field to generate heat, when the temperature rises above 60℃, the protein of tumor cells denatures and coagulates, resulting in irreversible necrosis. The inactivated tumor tissue can produce heat shock protein, which stimulates the body’s immune system, improves the body’s immune function and plays the role of inhibiting the spread of tumor cells. It has the advantages of high thermal efficiency, rapid warming and uniform heat field; Indications for surgery: Various benign thyroid nodules, including progressively enlarging cysts, nodular goiter, thyroid adenoma, high-functioning adenoma, parathyroid adenoma, etc., as well as patients with advanced thyroid cancer who have lost the opportunity of surgery, metastatic cervical lymph nodes and thyroid swellings that cannot tolerate surgery. Problems: Although the effectiveness and feasibility of thyroid ablation for the treatment of thyroid nodules has been proven and has been gradually carried out in clinical practice, and its minimally invasive nature is undoubted compared to surgery, there is still a great controversy for the treatment of thyroid malignancies. From the present point of view, the procedure has achieved good therapeutic results within 1 to 2 years after thyroid cancer surgery, but due to the short follow-up period and the small number of cases, it is still However, due to the short follow-up period and the small number of cases, more time and observation of more cases are needed before a clear conclusion can be drawn.