Now people are starting to pay attention to physical examinations, and annual physical examinations are becoming the norm. With the enrichment of examination items, thyroid ultrasound examinations are also starting to enter the physical examination items of many units, and with this, more and more thyroid nodules are detected, and the lack of understanding of them makes people overwhelmed. The thyroid gland is one of the most disease-prone glands. Common nodular thyroid disorders are generally: thyroid adenoma, nodular goiter, chronic lymphatic thyroiditis (Hashimoto’s thyroiditis), and thyroid cancer. The incidence is high, about 7%, and may be higher in some populations, more common in women, with a distribution age of about 35-50 years old, although there are many young people in their 20s from our medical examinations over the years. Thyroid nodules cancer Our usual fear of thyroid masses is still mainly derived from thyroid cancer, so patients with nodules, usually still need to keep some attention, from the ultrasound point of view, there are a few points we can pay attention to: “single, unclear boundary, tiny calcification, hypoechoic, solid, peripheral lymph node growth”, when there is When these ultrasound images are present, the best simple and effective way is to perform a fine needle aspiration for cytological examination, which can be performed on the nodules in the thyroid gland as well as on the peripheral lymph nodes, and if they are larger (>2 cm), a coarse needle aspiration biopsy can be performed. This will provide a quick understanding of the nodules and provide direction for next steps in treatment. ”Chronic lymphatic thyroiditis, also known as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, is one of the most common types of thyroiditis. It is a type of autoimmune disease in which the body produces lymphocytes that attack its own thyroid gland. The onset of the disease is slow, and there is usually no specific sensation. The enlargement is usually diffuse and symmetrical, and may be more pronounced on one side. The cancer rate of nodules that grow on top of this is higher than that of normal thyroid nodules, with some studies suggesting that the cancer rate is as high as 23%. Therefore, people with “Hashimoto” combined with thyroid nodules should be examined, and ultrasound-guided biopsy is an option. First, if the ultrasound or other tests suggest malignancy, especially if the nodule is confirmed to be malignant by ultrasound-guided biopsy, surgery is required regardless of the size. In recent years, with the development of ultrasound-guided aspiration technology, many TMCs (microscopic thyroid cancer) are gradually detected, thus providing directional indications for surgery. Secondly, surgery should not be performed when nodules are seen. Generally, nodules under 3 cm, which do not affect the aesthetics of the neck, do not compress the airway, and do not compress the laryngeal nerve and cause hoarseness, can be avoided. Some nodular goiters are multiple nodules, and they are not cancerous, so if they are removed when they are about 1-2 cm, it will do more harm than good, as long as they are monitored by ultrasound. Thirdly, there are more postoperative complications, some of which are more significant, and the duration of impact varies according to the individual. The chance of nodular goiter growing again after surgery is high. In addition, due to post-operative adhesions, the chance of reoperation causing damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve increases significantly, resulting in hoarseness or loss of voice, with the probability of damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve being about 0.1% for the first surgery and 3% for the second. Don’t be afraid of thyroid cancer According to the 2012 edition of “Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer”, thyroid cancer mainly includes differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC, including papillary carcinoma and follicular carcinoma), medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) and undifferentiated thyroid cancer; generally, papillary carcinoma accounts for the majority of cancers, which are well differentiated. The prognosis of thyroid cancer in early stage is good, and after surgery, the survival rate is about 95% in 10 years. It is necessary to have a checkup once a year. It is better to add thyroid ultrasound to the regular physical examination for normal people, especially for stressful groups, such as middle and high management level, sales, planning, etc. And because of the susceptibility of women, women in this group should be checked more. Ultrasound is the best means of diagnosing thyroid disease, and in addition to being very accurate, it is also economical and non-invasive. For patients who have been diagnosed with benign thyroid nodules, it is also best to have an ultrasound examination every six months to check or receive appropriate treatment, or once every three months for some people according to medical advice. In the face of thyroid nodules, there is a saying that tells everyone: “It needs to be taken seriously, not excessively”.