Hepatitis B is a chronic disease that requires long-term treatment. This involves long-term, reasonable, course of treatment, standardized diagnosis and treatment. Chronic hepatitis B, if not correctly standardized treatment, easy to develop into cirrhosis, or even liver cancer. By then, it is too late for treatment. So we should treat it correctly and diagnose and treat it correctly. First, HBeAg-positive patients with hepatitis B (1) ALT greater than two times the normal value, or liver histologic examination shows moderate or severe, and HBVDAN>20,000IU/ml. should be considered for treatment. (2) Patients with fluctuating ALT accompanied by elevated jaundice or patients with decompensation should be treated immediately. (3) Treatment should be considered for children with an ALT exceeding 2 times the normal value if the ALT has been elevated to this level for more than 6 months. (4) Persistently normal or mildly abnormal ALT (less than 2 times the normal value) is generally not considered for treatment, but patients over 40 years of age should undergo liver perforation, which may be indicated if liver histology reveals moderate or severe necrotizing inflammation or significant hepatic fibrosis, or if there is a family history of hepatocellular carcinoma. Second, HBeAg-negative patients with hepatitis B (1) Patients with ALT greater than two times the normal value and serum HBVDNA greater than 20,000 IU/ml should be considered for treatment. (2) For HBeAg-negative patients with HBeAg who have ALT at the normal threshold or only mildly elevated, and HBVDNA between 2,000 and 20,000 IU/ml, liver perforation should be performed, and treatment should be considered if the liver histology reveals moderate or severe inflammation or significant indicators of hepatic fibrosis. (3) HBVDNA is less than 2000IU/ml, it is generally observed, if ALT is elevated or HBVDNA is elevated, treatment should be considered. Cirrhosis (1) For patients with compensated cirrhosis, treatment should be considered for patients with ALT greater than twice the normal value and patients with normal or mildly abnormal ALT but with HBVDNA greater than 2000IU/ml. patients with HBVDNA less than 2000IU/ml should be observed, and treatment should be considered if ALT is elevated. (2) Patients with decompensated cirrhosis who are HBVDNA positive should be treated as soon as possible with nucleoside analogs that can rapidly suppress the virus and have a low risk of drug resistance, and interferon should not be applied. In conclusion, except for decompensated cirrhosis, interferon is generally preferred for antiviral therapy, and then nucleoside analogs are selected for antiviral therapy if there is no response to interferon. In the process of choosing nucleoside drugs, we should closely observe the occurrence of drug resistance, check the liver function, kidney function, HBVDNA, Hepatitis B five, blood routine, liver, gallbladder and spleen ultrasound and so on every three months, to discover the change of the condition in time, to save the treatment, to maintain the health of the body, and to improve the quality of life. Entecavir and tenofovir are the first choice for clinical use because of their low incidence of drug resistance.