The human body needs a variety of trace elements, all of which are extremely important to the human body, and they should all be present in the human body in a certain amount, too much or too little can cause disease. Zinc, manganese, selenium and other elements are necessary to maintain normal male fertility, their deficiency or excess can affect the quality of semen, leading to infertility. Zinc is one of the essential trace elements of the human body and is quite important to the physiological role of the human body. It is an important component of a variety of enzymes necessary for a series of biochemical reactions in the human body and has a significant impact on metabolic activities in the human body. In recent years, it has been found that zinc is involved in various aspects of male reproductive physiology, and has the role of promoting gonadal development and maintaining normal gonadal function, participating in the synthesis of enzymes closely related to testosterone production, and maintaining the stability and permeability of sperm membrane structure. Zinc deficiency can reduce the synthesis and secretion of testosterone, impair sperm production, reduce the number of sperm and decrease their vitality; in addition, zinc deficiency can cause abnormal changes in the activity of enzymes in the prostate fluid, affecting the liquefaction of semen and the normal movement of sperm, causing abnormal acrosome function of sperm and a decrease in the ability to move and penetrate eggs, thus causing infertility. Patients with zinc deficiency should consume zinc-rich foods in their diet, such as: fish, animal offal, milk, lean meat, nuts, clams, mussels, oysters, etc.; if necessary, medication should be administered under the guidance of a physician. Selenium is an essential element of the body, which can eliminate the effect of peroxide on sperm motility, lack of selenium can lead to the reduction of energy required for sperm activity and decrease in sperm vitality; selenium is also an antagonist of some toxic metal elements such as cadmium and copper, which can resist the damage of cadmium and copper on the reproductive system, lack of selenium is equal to enhancing the damage of these toxic metal elements on sperm. Manganese is necessary to maintain life and normal reproductive function. Sperm maturation disorders can occur in the absence of manganese, leading to oligospermia or azoospermia. Lead is toxic to the male reproductive system mainly by directly interfering with the formation process of sperm, reducing the ability to penetrate eggs, and has a very strong embryotoxic effect, which can cause abortion or stillbirth. Copper is the most harmful metal element to sperm, can inhibit the oxidative metabolic reaction of sperm, and can directly kill sperm. Iodine deficiency in men with reduced sexual function and poor semen quality. The trace elements required by the human body is mainly through the diet to obtain, a variety of food in the type and content of trace elements vary, therefore, the diet should be varied, not partial diet, to ensure the intake of various essential trace elements. Although many trace elements have a greater impact on the fertility of men, but even the essential trace elements such as zinc, manganese, selenium, etc., too much intake can cause harm.