Encephalitis is one of the more common pediatric diseases. It is an inflammatory lesion caused by the brain parenchyma, mostly viral, but also caused by bacterial or parasitic infections. When encephalitis first appears, there will be fever, headache or vomiting and nausea, and many parents will mistake these symptoms for the child’s cold, and some children will also have myocarditis. In the neurological area, children with encephalitis are different from the normal state and may have convulsions, confusion, drowsiness, and transient paralysis or inability to raise their arms. For diffuse encephalitis, the child may experience general discomfort, followed by convulsions or coma. For brainstem lesions, the child may have difficulty swallowing, facial nerve palsy, or numbness of the limbs, and for pseudotumor encephalitis, vomiting and poor limb movement. The above is a description of the symptoms of the more common types of encephalitis, after all, the lesions are located in different areas and the symptoms are different. In either case, it is recommended to seek medical attention as soon as the condition is detected. Each child has different symptoms, so it is important to seek early medical attention when abnormalities are detected.