Varicocele is a coarctation and dilatation of the veins in the spermatic cord due to obstruction of reflux. It is a common disease in young adults, which refers to the dilatation, tortuosity and elongation of the vasculature of the seminiferous plexus (venous plexus) due to stagnation of blood flow in the spermatic cord. The incidence is 10-15% in the male population and 15-20% in male infertility. The disease occurs mostly on the left side, but bilateral onset is not uncommon and can be as high as about 20%. Varicocele, which can be accompanied by testicular atrophy and impaired sperm production, can cause male infertility. Varicocele can also be caused by renal tumors or other retroperitoneal tumors. Varicocele due to compression is called symptomatic or secondary varicocele. Clinically, varicocele can be divided into three degrees: degree 1 (mild): when standing, no varicose veins can be seen protruding from the scrotal skin, but the varicose veins can be felt in the scrotum, and when lying down, the varicose veins disappear quickly. Degree 2 (moderate): dilated veins can be seen on the scrotum when standing, and more obvious varicose veins can be felt in the scrotum, and the mass gradually disappears when lying down. Degree 3 (severe): There are obvious thick blood vessels on the surface of scrotum, and there are obvious worm-like dilated veins in the scrotum, and the walls of veins are thickened and hardened; they disappear slowly when lying down. Varicocele can sometimes affect fertility. Varicoceles are infertile in 9% of cases, and 39% of male infertility is caused by varicoceles. Severe cases can cause testicular atrophy. As the history of varicocele lengthens, patients may experience pain in the affected testicle or decrease in semen quality after standing for a long time; and varicocele medication can only temporarily relieve the symptoms and cannot achieve a fundamental cure. So, which varicocele patients need surgery? We believe that: 1, adolescent or young men who are found to have varicocele are recommended to undergo surgery as soon as possible; 2, patients who suffer from scrotal discomfort or testicular pain on the affected side after standing for a long time; 3, patients who are over 30 years old and have not had any children and also have poor semen quality. There are many surgical methods for varicocele, but the microscopic surgery has become the best choice for the treatment of varicocele with the least surgical trauma and postoperative complications. Our team has completed more than 300 cases of microscopic spermatic vein ligation, especially in the last year or so, with the maturity and proficiency of the surgical technique, none of the 200 cases completed had any complications.