Primary liver cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world. Compared with other malignant tumors, it has many characteristics such as difficult to detect, difficult to diagnose, difficult to treat, fast progress and poor prognosis. Therefore, prevention, early diagnosis and interventional treatment of liver cancer are of great importance. According to statistics, about 70-80% of liver cancer patients are related to hepatitis B, 15-20% are related to hepatitis C and D. Another 5% of liver cancer patients may be related to alcoholism, parasitic infection, diet and other factors. Therefore, regular checkups are essential for the above-mentioned high-risk groups.1. The most effective way to detect liver cancer at an early stage is to test alpha-fetoprotein and liver ultrasound once every six months for high-risk groups who are over 35 years old, have chronic hepatitis B surface antigen positive, have liver cirrhosis for more than 5 years, and have a family history of liver cancer in three generations of their immediate family members.2. For patients with chronic hepatitis B, interferon and nucleoside analogues can be used for antiviral treatment under the guidance of professional physicians, and a lot of research data show that they can effectively prevent the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma. For patients with hepatitis C, interferon and ribavirin are effective drugs to stop the chronicity of hepatitis and the malignant transformation to hepatocellular carcinoma. For the rest, the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma can be significantly prevented by abstaining from alcohol and improving dietary structure. Interventional treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma I. Transhepatic artery chemoembolization (TACE): Intravascular interventional treatment. The effectiveness of interventional treatment is determined by the characteristics of blood supply to liver cancer. Under normal circumstances, the liver is supplied with blood by the hepatic artery and portal vein, of which portal vein supply accounts for 75% to 80% and hepatic artery supply accounts for 20% to 25%. The blood supply of hepatocellular carcinoma is exactly the opposite, more than 90%-95% of hepatic carcinoma is supplied by hepatic artery and very little by portal vein, which brings convenience for treatment. Through hepatic artery cannulation, the drug can directly enter the liver cancer tissue to increase the local drug concentration and kill the cancer cells. In addition, some embolic substances such as iodine oil and gelatin sponge can be used to embolize the blood supply artery of liver cancer to cut off its nutritional effect, and the tumor tissues will be necrosed, thus achieving the purpose of treatment. New methods of liver cancer treatment—RF ablation and microwave ablation: i.e. extravascular intervention. Both radiofrequency ablation and microwave ablation for liver cancer can destroy the tumor at the primary site without taking it out of the body, so it is called in situ inactivation therapy for tumor. There is no significant difference in survival and recurrence rates between radiofrequency ablation and surgery in a randomized controlled study of patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma, which can also achieve curative treatment. The two treatments are similar in that the electrode needle is punctured into the tumor under ultrasound guidance to generate high temperature in the local tissue to coagulate and inactivate the tumor. Radiofrequency and microwave ablation treatments not only directly coagulate and necrosis tumor cells, but also completely inactivate liver cancer tissues in situ, and improve the number of immune cells and their anti-tumor function in tumor local and peripheral blood. Compared with traditional treatments, radiofrequency and microwave ablation have the advantages of less trauma, safety and reliability, stable coagulation necrosis, precise efficacy and low recurrence rate.