IgA nephropathy is the most common primary glomerular disease, and because of its complex clinical and pathological manifestations and wide variation in pathogenesis among different ages and regions, there is a lack of uniform and effective treatment. More than half of IgA nephropathy is a benign process that does not require treatment and has a good prognosis. However, about 30% of patients develop renal failure in about 20 years. Therefore, the current treatment of at least 50% of patients with IgA nephropathy is redundant, and it is necessary to select individuals with risk factors for renal failure for treatment. Antihypertensive drugs: such as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors lenopril and benazepril, and angiotensin receptor blockers colesartan and valsartan, are beneficial in patients with combined hypertension and moderate or higher amounts of proteinuria to reduce proteinuria and delay decompensation of renal function, but many conditions are not suitable for this treatment, such as in patients with simple hematuria or hypotension. Adrenocorticotropic hormones: such as prednisone and dexamethasone are effective in most nephrotic syndromes and IgA nephropathy manifesting as massive proteinuria. Foreign recommendations suggest that patients with proteinuria above 1 g/day are treated with adequate amounts of hormones, and the results show that they can alleviate proteinuria and delay the progression of renal failure. However, the uniform application of hormone therapy is bound to bring about a large number of therapeutic side effects and do more harm than good. Immunosuppressants: Mycophenolate sodium alone or in combination with other drugs such as prednisone can explicitly reduce erythrocyturia and improve renal function; Leflunomide and cyclophilin can increase the therapeutic effect of adrenocorticosteroids, but no positive conclusion has been achieved. The toxic side effects brought by these drugs such as reduced resistance, leukopenia and abnormal liver function are not negligible. Tonsillectomy: Tonsillectomy has been reported in Japan and China to reduce the degree of proteinuria and hematuria. This therapy has been questioned in Western countries, and Western scholars have demonstrated that tonsillectomy can neither reduce proteinuria nor hematuria, nor reduce the occurrence of renal failure. Fish oil: It is a more affirmative treatment. In addition to reducing cardiovascular events, it can regulate lipid metabolism, inhibit cell growth and proliferation, lower blood pressure, reduce proteinuria, and reduce inflammation within the glomerulus, but it needs to be taken in large amounts over a long period of time before results can be seen, while patients need to pay large amounts of drug costs. Chinese medicine immunosuppressants: Lei Gong Tang and Kunming Shan Hai Tang are less expensive and have certain effect on both hematuria and proteinuria, with significantly less toxic side effects than adrenocorticotropic hormones and other immunosuppressants, but the drug has certain effect on female menstruation, and long-term application may cause reduced ovarian function, i.e. premature aging, and children taking it may cause delayed sexual development, and its specific active ingredients still need to be explored. Chinese medicine dialectical treatment: for the different symptoms of IgA nephropathy, choose the methods of clearing heat and detoxifying, activating blood circulation, nourishing yin and tonifying kidney, and relieving liver and depression, etc. The effect is slow, but the long-term effect is better.