Currently, 3% of the world’s population is still infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and approximately 170 million people have chronic hepatitis C (CHC). In Europe, the 5-year cumulative risk of liver cancer in hepatitis C cirrhosis is 17%. 2004, both US and Chinese guidelines for hepatitis C prevention and treatment identified pegylated interferon in combination with ribavirin as the standard of care (SOC) for chronic hepatitis C. In 2009, the American Liver Association updated its treatment guidelines, and as long as HCV RNA is positive, antiviral therapy can be prepared regardless of In 2009, the American Liver Association updated its treatment guidelines to allow for the preparation of antiviral therapy regardless of ALT as long as HCV RNA is positive. In the last decade or so, studies have found that HCV nonstructural (NS)3/4A protease inhibitors and nucleoside or non-nucleoside RNA-dependent RNA NS5B polymutase inhibitors and NS5A protease inhibitors are effective in treating HCV genotype I viruses, called direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs). antiviral agents (DAAs). The results of phase III clinical trials of BOC or TVR in combination with pegylated interferon and ribavirin were presented at the 61st American Liver Congress in Boston in 2010 and the 21st Asia-Pacific Liver Congress in Bangkok in 2011. The results of the phase III clinical trial of BOC or TVR in combination with pegylated interferon and ribavirin were presented at the 61st American Liver Conference in Boston in 2010 and the 21st Annual Asia-Pacific Liver Conference in Bangkok in 2011. As protease inhibitors (PIs), BOC (800 mg 1/8 hr) adverse effects included anemia (49%) and taste abnormalities (40%); TVR (750 mg 1/8 hr) adverse effects included anemia, pruritus, rash (most common, 54%), nausea, and diarrhea. Factors influencing the prediction of efficacy include viral factors, host factors, and rate of response. Viral factors include: non-genotype I, low baseline viral levels. Hosts include: ≤40 years, ≤75 kg (or BMI <30), non-black, no fibrosis progression, no fatty liver and no insulin resistance. Recently, genetic factors have also been emphasized, with a single nucleotide polymorphism in the gene encoding IL28B (rs12979860) strongly predicting susceptibility to SVR in patients with genotype I. In addition, speed of response is a direct predictor of efficacy and duration of therapy, including RVR and EVR. As summarized by the 2011 Eurohepat, a 24-week course is feasible for all CHC patients who achieve RVR; for those who achieve EVR only, a 48-week course is required. If only delayed virological response (DVR) is achieved, i.e., the virus is below detection after 24 weeks, the course of treatment is 72 weeks for patients with types 1 and 4 and 48 weeks for other genotypes. Although the American Liver Association updated its chronic hepatitis C treatment guidelines again in 2011 to include the new hepatitis C treatment protease inhibitors Bosaprevir and Traprovir in the country's standard of care (SOC), I believe that these two new drugs are only applicable to refractory chronic hepatitis C. China does not need to rush to include Bosaprevir and Tra in our SOC for three reasons. Better than in Europe and the United States; second, the new drugs are expensive; third, the toxic side effects of the new drugs are not yet known.